The evaluation of forensic identification techniques in the investigation of gender-based violence in Tshwane

Abstract

The study explores forensic identification techniques used to investigate gender-based violence (GBV). The research critically evaluates the effectiveness and reliability of various forensic methods employed in identifying and analysing evidence related to gender-based violence cases. By examining the strengths and limitations of these techniques, the study aims to contribute valuable insights to the enhancement of forensic practices in addressing and combating this problem. South Africa is facing a challenge with GBV cases that are reported daily, some of these cases are not resolved on time. Forensic identification techniques significantly aid the process of investigation and provide reliable results that would lead to the successful prosecution of GBV offenders. To decrease the cases of GBV, detectives who deal with such cases must be equipped with knowledge of forensic identification techniques. Detectives must know how to manage a scene of crime and measures to protect a scene of crime from the individuals. This is done because a crime scene holds important evidence that is traced and positively linked with the perpetrator. The researcher explained identification techniques that involve fingerprint identification, DNA identification, Eyewitness Identification, line-up identification, showups identification, photographic identification and voice identification. A qualitative research approach was adopted. Relevant literature study and structured focus group as well as telephone interviews were conducted with a sample of 15 participants from 5 Police Stations in Pretoria, Gauteng Province. Data was analysed using thematic data analyses. The findings of this study reveal that most detectives who specifically deal with gender-based violence have a clear understanding of forensic identification techniques. Finally, initiatives that can be adopted to improve the efficiency of all the detectives who deal with sensitive cases such as GBV are recommended. The implementation of these recommendations would enhance their performance and as well as contribute to the body of knowledge.