Access to decent sanitation is a basic human right in South Africa which
should be universally enjoyed by all citizens. The sanitation crisis is a
growing “pandemic” in the country and in most developing countries as well
as globally. South Africa’s water shortage and drought challenges cannot be
isolated from sanitation services, as it is linked with wastewater management
systems. Poor sanitation reduces human wellbeing and economic and social
development, and is linked to the transmission of diseases such as
diarrhoea, cholera, hepatitis A, dysentery, typhoid and polio, and aggravates
stunting.
The sanitation crisis is exacerbated by the lack of political will to prioritise
sanitation, limited financial resources, poverty, mushrooming shack
settlements, urbanisation and a poor institutional response to the increasing
demands in the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality. Looking at the
sanitation backlogs in the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality in terms
of the number of households without a hygienic toilet, the statistics show that,
in 2006, the number was 158 000 and, since then, the sanitation backlog has
increased annually at a rate of 0.62% to 168 000 in 2016. During 2009 and
2013 the city made advances in addressing the sanitation backlogs;
however, the on-going increase in households, particularly in informal
settlements, due to the high migration into the region, as well as population
growth, has put additional strain on household infrastructure (Cogta 2020: Online). This study examined the provision of sanitation services in the
country as well as in the northern fringe of the City of Tshwane Metropolitan
Municipality. It investigated the approach used by the Municipality to provide
sanitation services.
The emergence of a new democratic system in South Africa and the political
changes in 1994 brought an opportunity in all sectors of government for a
comprehensive review of policy, including the water services sector. The
grounded theory is an analytical lens that is used in this study to discuss issues relating to the provision of sanitation services. According to Bulawa
(2014:147), the grounded theory was developed by Glaser and Strauss in the
1960s when they were working together on a staff’s handling of dying
patients in hospitals (Glaser & Strauss 1967). This study also focuses on
sanitation frameworks, legislations and regulations. The Department
formulates policies and the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality
implements sanitation services on behalf of the national department, while
Tshwane residents are the beneficiaries of sanitation programmes.
South Africa requires innovation that is deployable on a large scale to solve
its sanitation challenges, especially in densely populated areas such as the
City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality where there is a tendency to store
waste. Moreover, there is an absence of a sustainable approach to manage
the waste at household level once the latrine pit or septic tank is filled. By
improving the management of human waste, greater privacy, dignity,
improved child health and personal safety, especially for women and
children, can be ensured.
In 2017, the Department of Human Settlements, Water and Sanitation
mentioned that the capital replacement value of the extant water and
sanitation infrastructure was estimated at R1 362 billion. However, the extant
assets are depreciating. Consequently, the Department of Human
Settlements, Water and Sanitation posits that the current book value of the
infrastructure stands at approximately R584 billion, or 43% of the capital replacement cost. Furthermore, the operational reality is that the existing
infrastructure was “stretched” because of significant underinvestment in its
maintenance, including delays in the renewal of aged infrastructure. The
Department of Human Settlements, Water and Sanitation has an
accumulated backlog of R59 billion in refurbishment (DWS 2018:49). The
City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality posits that the 2021/22 budget will
be geared towards stabilising the finances of the municipality and driving
quality service delivery, while at the same time ensuring that the rates and
tariff increases are as low as possible despite the steep increases from Rand Water and Eskom. The tariff increases for the 2021/22 financial year are as
follows: sanitation is 10% and water is 8% (CTMM 2021: Online). Moreover,
the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality Council has approved the
City’s budget for the 2021/22 financial year with a total budget of R43 billion –
comprising of an operating budget of R39 billion and a capital budget of
almost R4 billion.
The City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality has a dedicated division,
named the Water and Sanitation Infrastructure Planning and Implementation
Division, for the promotion of sanitation and hygiene services as well as the
allocation of adequate funding, on an annual basis. The Water and Sanitation
Infrastructure Planning and Implementation division is responsible for the
provision of sanitation services, bulk water supply, and water and sanitation
planning and implementation for the city and for capital projects, i.e. new
developments.
Phihlelelo ya tlhwekišo ya digweregwe ke motheo wa ditokelo tša botho mo
Afrika Borwa yeo e swanetšego go itumelelwa ke badudi ka kakaretšo.
Bothata bja digweregwere ke ‟leuba” leo le golago mo nageng kudu go
dinaga tše dintši tšeo di sa golago le lefase ka bophara. Tlhokego ya meetse
Afrika Borwa gotee le mathata a komelelo di ka se ke tša hlokolelwa ka thoko
go ditirelo tša digwergwere, ka ge di kgokagane le taolo ya meetse a go
senywa. Digweregwere tša go se nweše meetse a mokgoko di fokotša
boleng bja botho gotee le ikonomi le kgodišo ya leago, gape di kgokagane le
phetetšo ya malwetši a bjalo ka letšhollogo, cholera, hepitatis ya A, dysenteri,
typhoite le pholio, gape di godiša thibelo.
Bothata bja digweregwere bo godišwa ke tlhokego ya tshepedišo ya maleba
ya dipolitiki yeo e ka beago bothata bja digweregwere sehloreng, tlhokego ya
ditšweletšo tša mašeleng, bodiidi, go gologa ga bodulo bja mekhukhu,
phalalelo go ya metseditoropong le bofokodi bja tšhetšo ya peakanyo ya
kgolo yeo e oketšegago mo go Bodulo bja Maselapeleng wa Metroplitene wa
Tshwane mabapi le dipalo tša madulo ao a se nago le ditshwaamare tša go
hlweka, dipalopalo di laetša gore, ka 2006, palo e be e le 158 000 gape, go
tloga moo, bothata bja digweregwere bo ile bja gola ngwaga ka ngwaga ka
selekanyo sa 0.62% go ya go 168 000 ka ngwaga wa 2016. Ka ngwaga wa
2009 le 2013 naga e tšere matsapa a go bega bothata bja digweregwere; le
ge go le bjalo, koketšego yeo e golago ya bodulo, kudu ya bommakaipeya, ka lebaka la khudugelo ya go tla ka mono tikologong, gotee le kgolo ya
setšhaba, e ile ya oketša ngangego mo go mafarahlahla a tša bodulo (Cogta
2020: Onlaene). Diphatišišo tše di lekotše go tšweletšwa ga ditirelo tša
digwegwere go tee le magomo a lebowa a Bodulo bja Masepala wa
Meteropolitene wa Tshwane. E lekotše ka fao mokgwa woo o dirišitšwego ke Masepala go tšweletša ditirelo tša digweregwere.
Go tšwelela ga mokgwa o moswa wa tokologo mo Afrika Borwa gotee le
diphetogo tša dipolitiki ka 1994 di tlišitše monyetla mo go dikarolo ka moka
go lekola leswa molao wa go kwešišega, gotee le karolo ya ditirelo tša
meetse. Teori yeo e bego e dirišwa ya lense ya analytical yeo e bego e
dirišwa diphatišišong tše go sekaseka dilo tšeo di amanago le tšweletšo ya
ditirišo tša digweregwere. Go ya ka Bulawa (2014:147), teori ya boikemo e
tšweleditšwe ke Glaser gotee le Strauss mengwageng ya bo 1960 ge ba be
šoma mmogo go ya fao bašomi ba swarwago ka gona sa balwetši bao ba
hlokofalago ka gona maokelong (Glaser le Strauss 1967). Diphatišišo tše
gape di lebile dikgokagano tša digweregwere, melao gotee le ditshepidišo.
Lefapa le dira melao gotee le Bodulo bja Masepala wa Metropolitene bja
Tshwane bo tšweletša ditirelo tša digweregwere legatong la lefapa la naga,
mola badudi ba Tshwane e lego majabohwa bja lenaneo la digweregwere.
Afrika Borwa e nyaka phetogo yeo e ka dirišetšwago lenaneo kgoparareng
go rarolla mathata a yona a digweregwe, kudu mo go lefelo la badudi bao ba
kgobakanego ka bontši bjalo ka Masepala wa Metroplitene wa Tshwane moo
go nago le kgonego ya go boloka dilahlwa. Godimo ga moo, go na le
tlhokego ya mokgwa wa go ya go ile go laola dilahwa maemong a metse ge
ditshwamare goba ditanka tša dilahlwa di tletše. Ka go kaonafatša taolo ya
dilahlwa tša batho, boitoto bja bogolo, seriti, kaonafatšo ya bophelo bja
ngwana gotee le polokego ya botho, kudu basadi le bana, e ka kgonthišišwa.
Ka 2017, lefapa la Bodulo bja Batho, Meetse le Digweregwere e begile gore
go thiba gape boleng bja mašeleng go oketša meetse le mafarahlahla a
digweregwe bo be bo lekanyetšwa go di bilione tše R1 362. Le ge go le bjalo,
bogolo bja dithoto bo a buhlama. Go latela seo, Lefapa la Bodula batho,
Meetse le Digweregwere bo tšweletša gore boleng bja puku ga bjale ya
mafarahlahla bo eme go fihla go dibilione tše R584, goba 43% ya mašeleng
a go thiba ditheko. Godimo ga fao, bonnete bja ditiragalo ke gore
mafarahlahla ao a lego gona a ‟ngangilwe” ka lebaka la bohlokwa bja go boloka moo go sa lekanago mo go ditokišo tša wona, go akaretša ditiego mo
go go ntshwafatša ga mafarahlahla a kgale. Lefapa la Bodulo bja Batho,
Meetse le Digweregwere bo kokotleditše bothata bjo bo ka fihlelago dipilione
tše R59 bja ditokišo (DWS 2018:49). Masepala wa Metropolitene wa
Tshwane o tšweletša gore patšete ya 2021/22 e tla išwa go go lekanyetša
mašeleng a masepala gotee le go tliša ditirelo tša boleng bja godimo, mola
gape go kgonthišišwa gore ditekanyetšo le dikotlo tebelelo ge di oketšega e
be ka boleng bja fase ka moo go ka kgonegago go theoga go oketšege go
tloga go Rand Water go fihla go Eskom. Dikotlo tebalelo di oketšega
ngwageng wa 2021/22 wa mašeleng di ka tsela ye: digweregwere ke 10% le
meetse ke 8% (CTMM 2021: Online). Godimo ga fao, Khansele ya Masepala
ya Metrpolitene wa Tshwane e ile ya amogela patšete ya Motse ya ditšhelete
ya 2021/22 ka patšete ka moka ya dibilione tše R43 – ye e nago le patšete
ya ditiro ya dibilione tše R39 le mašeleng a patšete yeo e ka le bilione tše
R4.
Masepala wa Metropolitene wa Tshwane o beetše karolo, yeo e bitšwago
Meetse le Digweregwere Peakanyo ya Mafarahlahla gotee le Karolo ya
Ditiragalo, go kaonafatša digwergwere le go ditiragalo tša tlhwekišo gotee le
go abela tekanyetšo ya mašeleng, ngwaga ka ngwaga. Meetse le
Digweregwere Peakanyo ya Mafarahlahla gotee le Karolo ya Ditiragalo
mošomo wa yona ke go tšweletša ditirelo, tšweletšo ya meetse a mantši, le meetse le peakanyo ya digweregwere go motse le diprotšeke tša mašeleng,
seo se ra ditšweletšo tše diswa.
Ukufikelela kwezococeko olufanelekileyo lilungelo elisisiseko eMzantsi Afrika
nelifanele ukufunyanwa ngothakazelelo ngabo bonke abemi. Ingxaki
yezococeko "sisifo" esandayo kwilizwe kunye nakumazwe amaninzi
asaphuhlayo nakwihlabathi jikelele. Ukunqongophala kwamanzi eMzantsi
Afrika kunye nemingeni yembalela ayinakubekelwa bucala kwiinkonzo
zogutyulo, njengoko inxulunyaniswa neenkqubo zolawulo lwamanzi amdaka.
Ucoceko olukumgangatho osezantsi lunciphisa impilo yabantu kunye
nophuhliso lwezoqoqosho nezentlalo, kwaye kunxulunyaniswa nokusasazwa
kwezifo ezifana norhudo, ikholera, ihepatitis A, isifo segazi, ityphoid nepoliyo.
Ingxaki yezococeko yenziwa kukunqongophala kwemfuneko yezopolitiko
yokubeka phambili ucoceko, ukunqongophala kwemali, intlupheko,
ukuhlaliswa kwabantu kumatyotyombe, ukufudukela kwabantu ezidolophini
kunye nokusabela okungathathi ntweni kwiziko kwiimfuno ezandayo
kuMasipala oMbaxa weSixeko saseTshwane. Xa sijonga ukusilela
kwezococeko kwiSixeko saseTshwane kuMasipala oMbaxa ngokwenani
lamakhaya angenazo izindlu zangasese ezicocekileyo, amanani abonisa
ukuba ngonyaka wama-2006, inani lalingama-158 000 kwaye, ukusukela
ngoko, ukusilela kwezococeko kuye kwanda minyaka le ngezinga le-0.62%
ukuya kuma-168 000 ngonyaka wama-2016. Ngonyaka wama-2009
nangonyaka wama-2013 isixeko senze inkqubela phambili ekulungiseni
ukusilela kwezococeko; nangona kunjalo, ukwanda okuqhubekayo
kwamakhaya, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezinamatyotyombe, ngenxa
yokufudukela kwabantu phezulu kulo mmandla, kunye nokukhula kwabemi, kubeke uxinzelelo olongezelelekileyo kwiziseko zophuhliso zamakhaya
(Cogta 2020: Online). Olu phando luvavanye/luphengulule ukubonelelwa
kweenkonzo zogutyulo elizweni nakwinqanaba elingasentla loMasipala oMbaxa weSixeko saseTshwane. Luphande indlela esetyenziswa
nguMasipala ukubonelela ngeenkonzo zogutyulo.
Ukuvela kwenkqubo entsha yedemokhrasi eMzantsi Afrika kunye notshintsho
kwezopolitiko ngonyaka we-1994 kwazisa ithuba kuwo onke amacandelo
karhulumente lokuphononongwa ngokupheleleyo komgaqo-nkqubo, kuquka
necandelo leenkonzo zamanzi. Inkcazo-bungcali yohlalutyo yemiselweyo
(grounded theory) ethe yasetyenzisiwa kolu phando ukuxoxa ngemiba
enxulumene nokunikezelwa kweenkonzo zogutyulo. NgokukaBulawa (2014:
147), inkcazo-bungcali emiselweyo (grounded theory) yaphuhliswa
nguGlaser noStrauss ngeminyaka yoo-1960 xa babesebenza kunye
ekusingatheni abasebenzi malunga nezigulana ezazisweleka kwizibhedlele
(Glaser & Strauss 1967). Olu phando lukwajolise kubume bezikhokelo
zococeko, imithetho nemigaqo. ISebe lenza imigaqo-nkqubo kwaye
uMasipala oMbaxa weSixeko saseTshwane uphumeza iinkonzo zogutyulo
egameni lesebe lesizwe, ngelixa abahlali baseTshwane bengabaxhamli
beenkqubo zococeko.
UMzantsi Afrika udinga ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha ezinokusetyenziswa,
ubukhulu becala, ukusombulula imiceli mingeni yezococeko, ingakumbi
kwiindawo ezinabantu abaninzi ezifana noMasipala oMbaxa weSixeko
saseTshwane apho kukho umkhwa wokugcina inkunkuma. Ngapha koko,
kukho ukungabikho kwendlela ezinzileyo yokulawula inkunkuma kwinqanaba lekhaya kumngxunya wendlu yangasese okanye itanki yokubolisa.
Ngokuphucula ukulawulwa kwenkunkuma yabantu, ubumfihlo obukhulu,
isidima, ukuphuculwa kwempilo yabantwana kunye nokhuseleko lomntu,
ngakumbi kwabasetyhini nasebantwaneni, kunokuqinisekiswa.
Ngonyaka wama-2017, iSebe lokuHlaliswa kwaBantu, aManzi noGutyulo
lakhankanya ukuba ixabiso eliyinkunzi endaweni yeziseko zophuhliso
lwamanzi nogutyulo lwelindle liqikelelwa kuma-R1, 362 yezigidigidi. Nangona
kunjalo, ii-asethi ezikhoyo ziyahla. Ngenxa yoko, iSebe lokuHlaliswa
kwaBantu, aManzi noGutyulo licacisa ukuba ixabiso langoku lencwadi
kwiziseko zophuhliso limi malunga nama-R584 ezigidi zezigidi, okanye ama-43% yeendleko zokutshintshwa kwemali eyinkunzi. Ngapha koko, inyani
yokusebenza kukuba iziseko zophuhliso ezikhoyo “zoluliwe” ngenxa yotyalo mali oluncinci kulondolozo lwayo, kubandakanya nokulibaziseka kohlaziyo
lwezixhobo ezidala. ISebe lokuHlaliswa kwaBantu, aManzi noGutyulo
liqokelele umsebenzi ongekenziwa we-R59 yezigidigidi kuhlaziyo (DWS
2018: 49). UMasipala oMbaxa weSixeko saseTshwane umisela ukuba
uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lowama-2021/22 luza kujolisa ekuzinziseni ezemali
kumasipala nokuqhuba ukuziswa kweenkonzo ezisemgangathweni,
kwangaxeshanye kuqinisekiswe ukuba iirhafu kunye nonyuso lwamaxabiso
luphantsi kangangoko ngaphandle kokunyuka okuthe chatha, isuka eRand
Water nakwa-Eskom. Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kunyaka-mali wama-2021/22
koku kulandelayo: ugutyulo li-10% kwaye amanzi asi-8% (CTMM 2021: Kwi Intanethi). Ngapha koko, iBhunga loMasipala oMbaxa weSixeko
saseTshwane livume uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lweSixeko kunyaka-mali wama 2021/22 ngohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali olupheleleyo lwama-R43 ezigidigidi -
oluquka uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lokusebenza lwama-R39 ezigidigidi kunye
nohlahlo-lwabiwo mali lwezigidi eziphantse zafikelela kwi-R4 yezigidigidi.
UMasipala oMbaxa weSixeko saseTshwane unecandelo elizinikeleyo,
elibizwa ngokuba liCandelo lezaManzi nokuCocwa kweziSeko zoCoceko
kunye nokuPhumeza, ukukhuthaza iinkonzo zogutyulo nococeko kunye
nokwabiwa kwemali eyoneleyo rhoqo ngonyaka. ICandelo lezaManzi noCoceko lokuCwangciswa nokuPhumeza linoxanduva lokubonelela
ngeenkonzo zogutyulo, ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi ngobuninzi, kunye
nocwangciso lwamanzi nococeko, nokuphunyezwa kwesixeko kunye
neeprojekthi ezinkulu, oko kukuthi, uphuhliso olutsha.
Ukutholakala noma ukuba nendawo enezithunzi yendle kuyilungelo lomuntu
eliyisisekelo ENingizimu Afrika okufanele lithokozelwe yizo zonke
izakhamuzi. Inselelo noma inkinga youkuthuthwa kwendle “iyisifo” esandayo
ezweni kanye nasemazweni amaningi asathuthuka kanye nasemhlabeni
jikelele. Izinselelo zokushoda noma zokusweleka kwamanzi kanye nesomiso
eNingizimu Afrika azikwazi ukwahlukaniswa nezinsinzakalo zokuthuthwa
kwendle, njengoba kuxhunyaniswa nezinhlelo zokuphathwa kwamanzi
angcolile. Ukuthuthwa kwendle okungekho ezingeni elifanele kunciphisa
impilo yabantu yabantu nokuthuthuka komnotho nakwezenhlalo futhi
kuxhumene nokudluliswa kwezifo ezifana nohudo, ikholera, i-hepatitis A, isifo
sohudo,i- typhoid kanye novendle, kubhebhethekisa ukuqina.
Inkinga youkuthuthwa kwendle ibhebhethekiswa ukungabibikho noma
ukusweleka kwentando yezepolitiki youkubeka phambili inhlanzeko,
ukungabi namandla kwezimali, ubuphofu, ukuhlaliswa kwabantu emijondolo,
ukufudukwelwa emadolobheni kanye nokuphendula ngendlela okungeyona
ezikhungweni zezimfuno ezandayo kuMasipala weDolobha lase-Tshwane.
Uma sibheka ukusilela emuva kokukhucululwa kwendle EMkhandlwini
weDolobha lase-Tshwane ngenani lemindeni engenayo indlu yangasese
ehlanzekile, izibalo zikhomba ukuthi, ngonyaka ka-2006, isibalo sasingu 15800 futhi, kusukela lapho, ukusilela kwenzanzeko kuye kwanda minyaka
yonke izinga lika-0.62% kuya ku-168 000 ngo-2016. Ngonyaka ka- 2009 no 2013 idolobha lenze intuthuko ekubhekaneni nokusilela emuva kokuthuthwa kwendle; kodwa-ke, ukwanda okuqhubekayo komndeni, ikakhulukazi
emijondolo, ngenxa yokufudukela kwabantu abaningi esifundenidue, kanye
nokwanda kwenani labantu, kubeke ubunzima obungeziwe kwingqalasizinda yezindluh (I-Cogta 2020: ku-inthanethi). Lolu cwaningo noma lesisifundo
luhlolisise ukuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo zokuthuthwa kwendle ezweni kanye
nasengxenyeni esenyakatho yoMkhandludoloba wase-Tshwane. Kuphenywe
indlela esetshenziswa ngu-Masipala ukuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo
zokuthuthwa kwendle.
Ukuvela kohlelo olusha lwentando yeningi eNingizimu Afrika kanye
nezinguquko kwezepolitiki ngonyaka ka-1994 kwaletha ithuba kuyo yonke
imikhakha kahulumeni lokubuyekezwa ngokuphelele kwenqubomgomo,
kubandakanya nomkhakha wezinsizakalo zamanzi. Ithiyori ebizwa kokuthi
pheqelezi i- (The grounded theory) iyilensi yokuhlaziya esetshenziswe kulolu
cwaningo noma kulesifundo ukuxoxa ngezinkinga eziphathelene
nokuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo zokuthuthwa kwendle. Ngokusho kuka Bulawa (2014:147), lethiyori ebiza ngokuthi i-(grounded theory) yasungulwa
ngu-Glaser no Strauss ngonyaka wo-1960 ngenkathi besebenza bonke
ndawonye ekuphatheni kwabasebenzi ngokuphathwa kweziguli ezishonayo
esibhedlela(u-Glaser no Strauss 1967). Lolu cwaningo lubuye lubheke
ezinhlakeni zokuthuthwa kwendle, imithetho kanye nemithethonqubo.
UMnyango wenza iminqubomgomo futhi uMasipala waseDolobheni lase Tshwane wenza izinsizakalo zokuthuthwa kwendle egameni lomnyango
kazwelonke, kanti izakhamuzi zase-Tshwane yizo ezihlomula ngezinhlelo
zokuthuthwa kwendle.
INginizimu Afrika idinga ukuqanjwa okusha okusetshenziswayo ngezinga
eliphezulu ukuxazulula izinselelo zayo zokuthuthwa kwendle, ikakhulukazi
ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi ezifana noMkhandludolobha wase-Tshwane
lapho kunomkhuba wokugcina khona imfucuza. Ngaphezulu kwalokho,
ayikho indlela eqhubekayo yokulawula imfucuzo ezingeni lasekhaya uma
umgodi wendlu yangasese noma ithangi lokubhuqa seligcwalisiwe.
Ngokwenza ngcono ukuphathwa kwendle yabantu, ubumfihlo okukhulu,
isithunzi, impilo yezingane ephephile nokuphepha komuntu siqu, ikakhulukazi
kwabesifazane nezingane, kungaqinisekiswa.
Ngo-2017, uMnyango wezokuhlaliswa kwabantu, Amanzi nenhlanzeko wabalula ukuthi inani elizobuyiselwa imali kwingqalasizinda ekhona yamanzi
nokuthuthwa kwendle lalinganiselwa ku-R1 362 wamabhiliyoni. Kodwa-ke,
izimpahla ezikhona zehla ngamanani. Ngenxa yalokho, uMnyango
wezokuhlaliswa kwabantu, Amanzi nenhlanzeko uthi inani lamanje
lezincwadi lengqalasizinda limi cishe ku-R584 wamabhiliyoni, noma ku- 43%
wezindleko zokufaka imali enkulu. Ngaphezulu kwalokho, iqiniso okuyilona
elisebenzayo ukuthi ingqalasizinda esivele ikhona”yeluliwe”ngenxa
yokungabikhona kwemali eningi ekuyigcineni kwayo, kufaka phakathi
ukubambezeleka kokuvuselelwa kwengqalasizinda endala. uMnyango
wezokuhlaliswa kwabantu, Amanzi nenhlanzeko usilele emuva ngo R59 wamabhiliyoni ekusetshenzisweni kabusha (DWS 2018:49). UMasipala
weDolobha lase-Tshwane uthi isabelozimali sango-2021/22 sizobhekela
izinsiza zimali zikamasipala nokuqhuba ukulethwa kwezidingo ezisezingeni
eliphakeme, kanti ngesikhathi esifanayo siqinisekisa ukuthi amanani kanye
nokunyuka kwamanani entengo aphansi ngangokunokwenzeka yize
kukhuphuke kakhulu kusuka e-Rand Water nakwa Eskom. Ukunyuswa
kwemali ekhokhwayo yonyaka wezimali ka-2021/22 imi kanje: ukuthuthwa
kwendlle ngu-10% kuthi amanzi kube ngu-8% (CTMM 2021: inthanethi).
Ngaphezulu kwalokho, uMkhandlu kaMasipala weDolobha lase-Tshwane
usamukele isabelomali seDolobha sonyaka wezimali ka-2021/22
ngesabelomali esiphelele sika- R43 wamabhiliyoni – esifaka phakathi
isabelomali sokusebenza sika-R39 wamabhiliyoni kanye nesabelozimali cishe esingu- R4 wamabhiliyoni.
UMkhandludolobha wase-Tshwane unophiko oluzinikele, olubizwa ngoPhiko
lokuhlelwa Kanye nokusebenza kwengqalasizinda yamanzi nokuthuthwa
kwendle, ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinsizakalo zokuthuthwa kwendle
nenhlanzeko kanye nokwabiwa kwemali eyanele, njalo ngonyaka. Uphiko
lokuhlelwa kwengqalasizinda yamanzi nenhlanzeko lubhekele ukuhlinzekwa
kwezinsizakalo zokuthuthwa kwendle, ukuhlinzekwa ngamanzi amaningi,
nokuhlelwa kwamanzi nokukhucululwa kwendle kanye nokuqaliswa
kweDolobha kanye namaphrojekthi amakhulu, okungukuthi intuthuko entsha.
