Salutogenese is 'n nuwe denkrigting wat die ouer patogeniese paradigma vervang.
Daarvolgens word stres nie noodwendig in werkverband of in die mens se lewe as
negatief gesien nie, maar as optimaliseringsmoontlikheid ten einde positiewe stres- en
coping-uitkomstes te bewerkstellig. Hierdie navorsing het ten doel die ondersoek na die
verband tussen Salutogenese en Werkorientasie as optimaliseringskonstrukte.
Salutogenese is ondersoek deur onder andere te fokus op
o Sin vir Koherensie
o Persoonlikheidsgehardheid
o Aangeleerde Vindingrykheid.
Werkorientasie is ondersoek deur onder andere te fokus op
o Organisasieverbintenis
o Werkbetrokkenheid
o Werkbevrediging.
In die merra~uurron~dlerrsoelk is 'n persoonlikheidsprofiel van die optimaal-funksionerende
mens saamgestel uit die eienskappe van die Salutogeniese mens en die optimaalfunksionerende
werknemer, volgens intrapersoonlike (kognitiewe, affektiewe, konatiewe
en fisiese) en interpersoonlike eienskappe.
In die empirriese cmdlerrsoelk is 'n battery bestaande uit meetinstrumente van die
konsepte, na studente uitgestuur. Die steekproef (N = 934) is in twee groepe verdeel,
te wete Blankes en Ander, ten einde betekenisvolle resultate te verkry. Die battery is
gefaktoranaliseer, alfa-koeffisiente is bepaal en items is geselekteer waarop die
resultate gebaseer is: Produkmomentkorrelasies tussen die konsepte is vir elke groep
bepaal, asook beduidende verskille tussen groepe. LISREL-ontledings is gedoen ten
einde die konseptualisering van die twee konstrukte te bepaal.
Uit die empiriese bevindings blyk dit dat die verskillende konsepte onderling verband
hou en die konstrukte verteenwoordig. Hieruit kon 'n profiel van die Salutogeniese mens
en die optimaal-funksionerende werknemer volgens intra- en interpersoonlike
eienskappe opgestel word. Die verband wat die LISREL-ontledings tussen die twee
konstrukte bevind het, het die integrering daarvan tot persoonlikheidsprofiel van die
optimaal-funksionerende mens, bevestig. Laastens is die empiriese bevindings met die
literatuurprofiel ge"integreer en daar is bevind dat daar grootliks ooreenstemming tussen
die literatuur en die empiriese bevindings bestaan.
Met die navorsing is bevind dat Salutogenese en Werkorientasie as twee afsonderlike
konstrukte bestaansreg het, maar dat dit wei oak beduidend verband met mekaar hou.
Met die integrering van die literatuur en die empiriese bevindings, is daar tot die gevolgtrekking
gekom dat die verband tussen die twee konstrukte optimalisering simboliseer.
Dit figureer as intra- en interpersoonlike eienskappe by die optimaal-funksionerende
mens.
Salutogenesis is a new approach which replaces the old pathogenic paradigm. In terms
of this approach, stress need not necessarily be viewed negatively in the workplace or
in the private lives of man, but as an opportunity for optimisation which can lead to
positive outcomes regarding stress and coping. The purpose of this research was to
investigate the relationship between Salutogenesis and Work Orientation as two
constructs of optimisation.
Salutogenesis was investigated by focusing on:
o Sense of Coherence
o Hardiness
o Learned Resourcefulness.
Work Orientation was investigated by focusing on:
o Organisational Commitment
o Job Involvement
o Job Satisfaction.
In the literature survey, the personality profile of the optimally functioning person was
compiled, using the integration of the personality profile of the Salutogenic person with
the personality orientation profile of the optimally functioning worker. This was done
according to intrapersonal {cognitive, affective, conative and physical) and interpersonal
characteristics.
In the empirical investigation a battery of questionnaires dealing with the various
concepts was mailed to students. The sample {N=934) was divided into two groups,
namely Whites and Others, in order to obtain meaningful results. The battery was
subjected to factor-analysis and coefficient alpha was calculated in order to select items
on which the results could be based. Product-moment correlations for each group were
calculated for the various concepts and significant differences were determined.
LISREL-analyses were performed to conceptualise the two constructs.
The empirical findings indicate that the different concepts which constitute the two
different constructs are interrelated. The relationship between the two constructs was
confirmed by a LISREL-analysis, thus validating the integration of the two constructs
into a personality profile of the optimally functioning person according to intra- and
interpersonal characteristics. The empirical constructs could finally be integrated with
the literature profile.
The research established that Salutogenesis and Work Orientation should be regarded
as independent, yet related constructs. The integration of the literature and the
empirical findings suggests that both constructs symbolise optimisation and manifest
as intra- and interpersonal characteristics of the optimally functioning person.
