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The nexus between financial inclusion, financial stability and economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa

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dc.contributor.advisor Makoni, Patricia Lindelwa
dc.contributor.author Meshesha Demie Jima
dc.date.accessioned 2024-10-18T07:22:03Z
dc.date.available 2024-10-18T07:22:03Z
dc.date.issued 2023-02-03
dc.identifier.uri https://hdl.handle.net/10500/31756
dc.description Abstracts in English, Zulu and Afrikaans en
dc.description.abstract Scholars and several global and international development agencies have been advocating the importance of financial inclusion for financial stability, social welfare improvement and sustainable economic growth. Within this general framework, the Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries have been striving to develop and implement financial inclusion strategies so as to realise stability and sustainable economic growth. However, theories and empirical findings lack consensus on the major drivers of financial inclusion and financial stability. In addition, there are disagreements on the relationships between financial inclusion, financial stability and economic growth, resulting in disparity in the design and application of strategies and policies. The aim of this study is, thus, to examine the key drivers of financial inclusion and financial stability, assess the cointegrating long run relationships, as well as determine the causalities that exist between financial inclusion, financial stability and economic growth for the selected SSA countries for the period of 2000 to 2019. The study used the General Methods of Moments (GMMs) for the dynamic panel data, Autoregressive Distributed Lags (ARDL) for the panel cointegration tests and panel Granger non-causality tests to verify the causation between the variables. Composite indices were developed for the financial inclusion and institutional quality using a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) technique. The results of this study revealed that the lags effect, economic growth, financial stability, financial deepening, inflation, efficiency, profitability and liquidity position found to be important drivers of financial inclusion in the region. On the other hand, financial stability is determined by its lags effect, financial inclusion, institutional quality, digital technology adoption and global financial crises. The study also found that there is a long run relationship between financial inclusion, financial stability and economic growth. Moreover, there is a pairwise bi-directional Granger non-causality between financial inclusion, financial stability and economic growth, in the region, implying possible complementarity. Specifically, economic growth drives both financial inclusion and financial stability in most of the low income SSA countries, whereas financial inclusion promotes financial stability and economic growth for most of the middle income economies. In this study, considering the broad and multidimensional aspects of a financial inclusion, the use of a composite index to assess the interaction between financial inclusion, financial stability and economic growth helped to have a comprehensive picture and address the problems that may arise from the use of individual indicators. The findings of the study further confirmed that both macro and micro economic factors are important drivers of financial inclusion and financial stability. In addition, there are joint and separate causalities between financial inclusion, financial stability, and economic growth, and hence the SSA countries should follow a holistic approach, and develop and implement policies and strategies that ensure inclusive and sustainable growth. In addition, the adoption of financial regulations should consider the synergy between financial inclusion, financial stability and economic growth. Thus, policy makers, government advisors and financial sector regulators should not trade-off between the financial inclusion, stability and economic growth while adopting strategies and policies in the region. en
dc.description.abstract Izazi kanye nama-ejensi amaningana entuthuko emhlabeni jikelele nakwamanye amazwe bebekhuthaza ukubaluleka kokufakwa kwezimali ukuze kube nokuzinza kwezezimali, ukuthuthukiswa kwezenhlalakahle kanye nokukhula komnotho okusimeme. Ngaphakathi kwalolu hlaka olujwayelekile, amazwe ase-Afrika eseNingizimu ne-Sahara (aziwa ngokuthi yi-SSA) abezama ukuthuthukisa nokusebenzisa amasu okufakwa kwezimali ukuze afezekise ukusimama nokukhula komnotho okusimeme. Kodwa-ke, amathiyori kanye nokutholwe okunamandla akunakho ukuvumelana ngezimbangela ezinkulu zokufakwa kwezezimali nokuzinza kwezezimali. Ukwengeza, kunokungaboni ngaso linye ngobudlelwano phakathi kokufakwa kwezimali, ukuzinza kwezezimali kanye nokukhula komnotho, okuholela ekuhlukeni ekuklanyweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwamasu nezinqubomgomo. Ngakho-ke, inhloso yalolu cwaningo ukuhlola izici ezibalulekile zokufakwa kwezimali nokuzinza kwezezimali, ukuhlola ubudlelwano besikhathi eside, kanye nokuthola izizathu ezikhona phakathi kokufakwa kwezimali, ukuzinza kwezezimali kanye nokukhula komnotho emazweni akhethiwe e-SSA kusukela kuyisikhathi sezi-2000 kuya kwezi-2019. Ucwaningo lusebenzise Izindlela Ezivamile Zezikhathi (IEZ) kudatha yephaneli eguqukayo, eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-Autoregressive Distributed Lags (ARDL) yokuhlolwa kokuhlanganisa kwephaneli kanye nokuhlolwa kwephaneli okungeyona i-Granger Causality ukuze kuqinisekiswe imbangela phakathi kokuhlukahluka. Izinkomba ezihlanganisiwe zenzelwe ukufakwa kwezezimali kanye nekhwalithi yesikhungo kusetshenziswa inqubo Yokuhlaziya Ingxenye Eyinhloko (YIE). Imiphumela yalolu cwaningo iveze ukuthi ukwehla komnotho, ukukhula komnotho, ukuzinza kwezezimali, ukujula kwezimali, ukwehla kwamandla emali, ukusebenza kahle, ukwenza inzuzo kanye nesimo semali kutholwe kuyimbangela ebalulekile yokufakwa kwezimali esifundeni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuzinza kwezezimali kunqunywa umphumela wokubambezeleka, ukufakwa kwezimali, ikhwalithi yesikhungo, ukwamukelwa kobuchwepheshe bedijithali kanye nezinkinga zezimali zomhlaba wonke. Ucwaningo luphinde lwathola ukuthi kunobudlelwano obude phakathi kokufakwa kwezimali, ukuzinza kwezezimali kanye nokukhula komnotho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunembangela ephindwe kabili yokubhanqa okuhlakaniphile engeyona ye-Granger casualty phakathi kokufakwa kwezimali, ukuzinza kwezezimali nokukhula komnotho, esifundeni, okusho ukuphelelisana okungenzeka. Ikakhulukazi, ukukhula komnotho kugqugquzela kokubili ukufakwa kwezezimali nokuzinza kwezezimali emazweni amaningi e-SSA anengeniso ephansi, kuyilapho ukufakwa kwezezimali kukhuthaza ukuzinza kwezezimali nokukhula komnotho kweningi leminotho yabantu abanengeniso yeholo eliphakathi.nendawo. Kulolu cwaningo, kucatshangelwa izici ezibanzi zokufakwa kwezimali, ukusetshenziswa kwenkomba eyinhlanganisela ukuhlola ukusebenzisana phakathi kokufakwa kwezimali, ukuzinza kwezezimali nokukhula komnotho kusize ukuba nesithombe esibanzi futhi kuxazululwe izinkinga ezingase zivele ekusetshenzisweni kwezinkomba ngazinye. Okutholwe ocwaningweni kuphinde kwaqinisekisa ukuthi zombili izici zomnotho ezinkulu nezincane ziyizici ezibalulekile zokufakwa kwezimali kanye nokuzinza kwezezimali. Ukwengeza, kunezimbangela ezihlangene nezihlukene phakathi kokufakwa kwezimali, ukuzinza kwezezimali, kanye nokukhula komnotho, yingakho amazwe e-SSA kufanele alandele indlela ephelele, futhi athuthukise futhi asebenzise izinqubomgomo namasu aqinisekisa ukukhula okubandakanyayo nokusimeme. Ukwengeza, ukwamukelwa kwemithethonqubo yezezimali kufanele kucabangele ukusebenzisana phakathi kokufakwa kwezimali, ukuzinza kwezezimali kanye nokukhula komnotho. Ngakho-ke, abenzi bezinqubomgomo, abeluleki bakahulumeni kanye nabalawuli bomkhakha wezezimali akufanele bahwebe phakathi kokufakwa kwezimali, ukuzinza kanye nokukhula komnotho ngenkathi besebenzisa amasu nezinqubomgomo kuhulumeni kuyisifunda. zu
dc.description.abstract Vakkundiges en verskeie globale en internasionale ontwikkelingsagentskappe verkondig die belangrikheid van finansiële insluiting vir finansiële stabiliteit, verbetering van maatskaplike welvaart en volhoubare ekonomiese groei. Binne hierdie algemene raamwerk streef die sub-Sahara- (SSA-) Afrikalande na die ontwikkeling en implementering van finansiële insluitingstrategieë om stabiliteit en volhoubare ekonomiese groei ’n werklikheid te maak. Teorieë en empiriese bevindings stem egter nie ooreen oor die belangrikste aandrywers van finansiële insluiting en finansiële stabiliteit nie. Daarbenewens is daar meningsverskille oor die verhoudings tussen finansiële insluiting, finansiële stabiliteit en ekonomiese groei, wat ongelykheid in die ontwerp en toepassing van strategieë en beleide tot gevolg het. Die doel van hierdie studie is dus om die sleutelaandrywers van finansiële insluiting en finansiële stabiliteit te ondersoek, die koïntegrerende langtermynverhoudings te assesseer, asook die kousaliteite wat tussen finansiële insluiting, finansiële stabiliteit en ekonomiese groei vir die gekose SSA-lande vir die tydperk 2000 tot 2019 bestaan, te bepaal. Die studie het gebruik gemaak van die Algemene Metodes van Momente (AMM’e) vir die dinamiese paneeldata, Outoregressiewe Verspreide Sloerings (ORVS) vir die paneelkoïntegrasie-toetse en paneel-nie-Granger-kousaliteitstoetse om die kousaliteit tussen die veranderlikes te verifieer. Saamgestelde indekse is ontwikkel vir die finansiële insluiting en institusionele gehalte deur gebruikmaking van ’n Primêrekomponent- (PKO-) ontledingstegniek. Die resultate van hierdie studie het aan die lig gebring dat die sloering-effek, ekonomiese groei, finansiële stabiliteit, finansiële verdieping, inflasie, bekwaamheid, winsgewendheid en likiditeitsposisie belangrike aandrywers van finansiële insluiting in die streek is. Aan die ander kant word finansiële stabiliteit deur sy sloering-effek, finansiële insluiting, institusionele gehalte, aanvaarding van digitale tegnologie en finansiële krisisse bepaal. Die studie het ook bevind dat daar ’n langtermynverhouding tussen finansiële insluiting, finansiële stabiliteit en ekonomiese groei bestaan. Daar is boonop ’n paargewyse tweerigting- nie-Granger-kousaliteit tussen finansiële insluiting, finansiële stabiliteit en ekonomiese groei in die streek, wat moontlike komplementariteit impliseer. Ekonomiese groei dryf spesifiek sowel finansiële insluiting as finansiële stabiliteit aan in die meeste lae-inkomste- SSA-lande, terwyl finansiële insluiting finansiële stabiliteit en ekonomiese groei vir die meeste middelinkomste-ekonomieë bevorder. In hierdie studie, met inagneming van die breë en meerdimensionele aspekte van ’n finansiële insluiting, het die gebruik van ’n saamgestelde indeks om die interaksie tussen finansiële insluiting, finansiële stabiliteit en ekonomiese groei te assesseer, gehelp om ’n omvattende beeld te vorm en die probleme te hanteer wat uit die gebruik van individuele aanwysers kan ontstaan. Die bevindings van die studie het verder bevestig dat sowel makro- as mikro-ekonomiese faktore belangrike aandrywers van finansiële insluiting en finansiële stabiliteit is. Daarbenewens is daar gesamentlike en afsonderlike kousaliteite tussen finansiële insluiting, finansiële stabiliteit, en ekonomiese groei. Die SSA-lande behoort derhalwe ’n holistiese benadering te volg, en beleide en strategieë te ontwikkel en in werking te stel wat inklusiewe en volhoubare groei verseker. Daarby behoort die aanvaarding van finansiële regulasies die sinergie tussen finansiële insluiting, finansiële stabiliteit en ekonomiese groei te oorweeg. Derhalwe behoort beleidmakers, regeringsadviseurs en finansiëlesektor-reguleerders nie kompromieë aan te gaan tussen finansiële insluiting, stabiliteit en ekonomiese groei wanneer strategieë en beleide in die streek aanvaar word nie. af
dc.format.extent 1 online resource (xvi, 204 leaves) : illustrations (some color), color graphs en
dc.language.iso en en
dc.subject Financial inclusion en
dc.subject Financial stability en
dc.subject Economic growth en
dc.subject Sub-Saharan Africa en
dc.subject Principal component analysis en
dc.subject Panel unit root test en
dc.subject Panel ARDL cointegration test en
dc.subject Panel Granger non-causality test en
dc.subject SDG 8 Decent Work and Economic Growth en
dc.subject.other UCTD en
dc.title The nexus between financial inclusion, financial stability and economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa en
dc.title.alternative The nexus between financial inclusion, financial stabilty and economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa en
dc.type Thesis en
dc.description.department Finance, Risk Management and Banking en
dc.description.degree Ph. D. (Management Studies (Finance, Risk Management and Banking))


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