Knowledge and attitudes of HIV counsellors on HIV self-testing in Manzini, Eswatini

Abstract

HIV self-testing is currently provided by HIV counsellors to reach the high risk, unreachable population. The purpose of the study was to determine HIV counsellors’ knowledge and attitudes in offering HIV self-testing as a strategy to enhance targeted HIV services in Manzini, Eswatini. A qualitative, exploratory-descriptive design was used. HIV counsellors were sampled from a regional hospital’s outpatient department, using all-inclusive sampling. The researcher conducted face-to-face interviews with 13 HIV counsellors. Data was analysed using Braun and Clarkes thematic data analysis framework. Three themes emerged namely: (1) knowledge enabling HIV counsellors to conduct HIV self-testing, (2) views on HIV self-testing and (3) proposed improvements for HIV self-testing provision as a targeted HIV service. HIV counsellors’ knowledge and attitude enabled them to conduct HIV self-testing as part of targeted HIV services. Although negative attitudes were not identified, challenges in the provision of HIV self-testing as a targeted strategy were experienced. Recommendations for improving the targeting of high-risk, unreachable populations included continuous engagement with clients to share their preferences for HIV self-testing, continuous capacity-building of HIV counsellors, and government support to ensure policies promote targeting. As supervisors of HIV services delivery, professional nurses must be fully aware of HIV counsellors’ capabilities to monitor and support them.