Examining implications of land administration for urban development in Southern Ethiopia

Abstract

This study examined the implications of land administration for urban development in Southern Ethiopia. The aim of the study was to gain an in-depth understanding of the implications of land administration for urban development by examining the nature, functions and systems of land administration, and the role played by governance authorities in the implementation of land administration. A concurrent, triangulated mixed methods research design was used, with the data collected through self-reporting surveys, semi-structured interviews, unstructured interviews and secondary data analysis. Through purposive sampling, two town administrations, key employees and urban dwellers were selected as key informants for the qualitative phase of the study. In addition, the survey was based on random sampling of urban dwellers in the Aletawondo and Yirgachafe town administrations. Quantitative data was analysed using descriptive statistics, and thematic analysis was used for qualitative data. The results reveal that the land belongs to the state, as captured in Article 40 of the 1995 Ethiopia Constitution, preventing citizens or individuals from directly benefitting from ownership. Land administration does not meet the interests of all the citizens and is ineffective. Alternative land policies should be sought that can ensure effective, efficient and legal ownership able to foster urban development by integrating land administration practices with the existing dynamics of urban development.

Lolu cwaningo luhlole imithelela yokuphathwa komhlaba ekuthuthukisweni kwedolobha laseNingizimu Ethiopia. Inhloso yalolu cwaningo kwakuwukuthola ukuqonda okujulile ngemithelela yokuphathwa komhlaba ekuthuthukisweni kwedolobha ngokuhlola uhlobo, imisebenzi nezinhlelo zokuphathwa komhlaba, kanye neqhaza elibanjwe yiziphathimandla zokuphatha ekuqaliseni ukusebenza kokuphathwa komhlaba. Kwasetshenziswa umklamo wocwaningo wezindlela ezixubile ezihlukene ezinxantathu, imininingwane eqoqwe ngocwaningo lokuzibika, izingxoxiswano ezihlelwe kancane, izingxoxiswano ezingahlelekile kanye nokuhlaziywa kwemininingwane yesibili. Ngokuthatha amasampula okuhlosiwe, abaphathi bedolobha ababili, abasebenzi ababalulekile kanye nabahlali basemadolobheni baqokwe njengabanolwazi olubalulekile esigabeni socwaningo ngokuchaza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inhlolovo ibisekelwe ekuthathweni kwesampula okungahleliwe kwabantu abahlala emadolobheni angaphansi kokuphathwa kwedolobha i-Aletawondo ne-Yirgachafe. Imininingwane ngokwezinombolo yahlaziywa kusetshenziswa izibalo ezichazayo, futhi ukuhlaziya kwendikimba kwasetshenziselwa imininingwane ngokuchaza. Imiphumela iveza ukuthi umhlaba ungowombuso, njengoba kubhalwe ebhukwini-40 loMthethosisekelo wase-Ethiopia ka-1995, ovimbela izakhamuzi noma abantu ngabanye ukuthi bahlomule ngokuqondile kubunikazi. Ukuphathwa komhlaba akuhlangabezani nezinto ezifunwa yizakhamizi futhi akusebenzi. Kufanele kufunwe ezinye izinqubomgomo zomhlaba ezingaqinisekisa ubunikazi obufanele, obusebenzayo nobusemthethweni obukwazi ukugqugquzela ukuthuthukiswa kwamadolobha ngokuhlanganisa izinqubo zokuphatha umhlaba nezinto ezikhona zokuthuthukiswa kwamadolobha.

Olu phando luphicothe iziphumo zolawulo lomhlaba kuphuhliso lweedolophu kuMazantsi e-Ethiopia. Injongo yolu phando ibikukufumana ukuqonda okunzulu malunga neziphumo zolawulo lomhlaba kuphuhliso lweedolophu ngokuphicotha isimo, imisebenzi kunye neenkqubo zolawulo lomhlaba, kunye nendima edlalwa ngabasemagunyeni bolawulo ekuphunyezweni kolawulo lomhlaba. Kusetyenziswe uyilo lophando lweendlela ezixubileyo ezahlukileyo, ezininzi kunye nedatha eqokelelwe ngokusebenzisa uphando oluzixelayo, udliwanondlebe olucwangciswe mayane, udliwanondlebe olungacwangciswanga kunye nohlalutyo lwedatha elandelayo. Kukhethwe ulawulo lweedolophu ezimbini, abasebenzi abaphambili kunye nabahlali bezi dolophu njengabathathinxaxheba abaphambili kwisigaba sophandontyilazwi solu phando, ngokusebenzisa ukhetho lwegcuntswana ledatha ngenjongo. Ukongeza, uphando lokuvandlakanya belusekelwe kukhetho lwegcuntswana ledatha ngokungabophelelekanga yabahlali basezidolophini kulawulo lwedolophu iAletawondo neYirgachafe. Idatha yophando lweenkcukachamanani ihlalutywe ngokusebenzisa iinkcukachamani ezichazayo, lwaze uhlalutyontyilazwi lomongo/lomxholo lwasetyenziswa kwidatha yophandontyilazwi. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba umhlaba ngokarhulumente, nanjengoko kubhaliwe kwiArticle 40 yoMgaqosiseko wase-Ethiopia ka1995, othintela abemi okanye abantu ukuba baxhamle ngqo kubunini bomhlaba. Ulawulo lomhlaba aluhlangabezani neminqweno yabemi bebonke kwaye alusebenzi. Kufuneka kufunyanwe eminye imigaqonkqubo yomhlaba enokuqinisekisa ubunini obusebenzayo, obulawulwa kakuhle nobusemthethweni obukwaziyo ukukhuthaza uphuhliso lweedolophu ngokuhlanganisa iinkqubo zolawulo lomhlaba kunye neentshukumo ezikhoyo zophuhliso lweedolophu.