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The development of a validated scale of responsisible tourist behaviour in cultural heritage tourism

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dc.contributor.advisor Botha, Elricke
dc.contributor.advisor Conradie, Nicolene
dc.contributor.author Ntshabeleng, Beverly Maki
dc.date.accessioned 2024-01-26T08:27:34Z
dc.date.available 2024-01-26T08:27:34Z
dc.date.issued 2023
dc.identifier.uri https://hdl.handle.net/10500/30764
dc.description Includes summaries in Afrikaans and Northern Sotho en
dc.description.abstract As cultural heritage tourism grows, inappropriate tourist behaviour threatens the sustainability of cultural heritage resources. To protect the cultural heritage sites effectively, management should measure responsible tourist behaviour in order to implement relevant and sustainable tourism practices that correct or adapt inappropriate behaviour. To date, progress has been made in measuring responsible behaviour regarding natural resources; however, cultural heritage tourism comprises both natural and cultural resources. There is limited evidence that a validated scale already exists for measuring behaviour relating to both natural and cultural resources in cultural heritage tourism settings. This study, therefore, aimed to develop a validated scale for responsible tourist behaviour in cultural heritage tourism. The study applied an embedded mixed-method approach using three phases to develop the validated scale. In Phase 1, the initial pool of items was generated through a literature review. Two expert panels reviewed and revised the items to ensure (i) face validity, and (ii) content validity and analysed using the Fuzzy Delphi Method. For phases 2 and 3, data were collected from tourists who had visited one of South Africa’s World Heritage Sites with cultural value (Fossil Hominid Sites, Robben Island, or Mapungubwe Cultural Landscape). The data were randomly divided into two samples. Phase 2 assessed construct validity and reliability of the proposed scale, while Phase 3 cross-validated the scale by mainly using factor analyses and t-tests. The theoretical contributions that were made include (i) a definition of cultural heritage tourism, (ii) a scale for responsible tourist behaviour in cultural heritage tourism, and (iii) a contribution to the body of knowledge in the tourism management field on the topic ‘responsible tourist behaviour in cultural heritage tourism settings’. Moreover, this study provided social science researchers with a set of procedures that will assist them in developing a new validated scale and improving the predictive capability of their existing scales by comparing their methods with the methods of the current study. Lastly, the developed validated scale will assist cultural heritage tourism sites in assessing responsible tourist behaviour and in employing sustainable tourism practices that will correct or adapt inappropriate behaviour. en
dc.description.abstract Namate kultuurerfenistoerisme groei, bedreig onvanpaste toerismegedrag die volhoubaarheid van kultuurerfenishulpbronne al hoe meer. Ten einde kultuurerfenisterreine effektief te beskerm, moet bestuur verantwoordelike toeristegedrag meet met die oog op die implementering van relevante en volhoubare toerismepraktyke wat onvanpaste gedrag korrigeer of wysig. Daar is tot nou toe wel vordering gemaak om verantwoordelike gedrag met betrekking tot natuurlike hulpbronne te meet; kultuurerfenistoerisme betrek egter natuurlike sowel as kultuurhulpbronne. Daar is slegs beperkte getuienis dat ’n gevalideerde skaal bestaan om gedrag met betrekking tot sowel natuurlike as kultuurhulpbronne in kultuurerfenistoerisme-omgewings te meet. Hierdie studie was dus daarop gerig om ’n gevalideerde skaal vir verantwoordelike toeristegedrag in kultuurerfenistoerisme te ontwikkel. Hierdie studie het ’n ingebedde gemengde-metode-benadering met drie fases gebruik om die gevalideerde skaal te ontwikkel. In Fase 1 is die aanvanklike poel items deur middel van ’n literatuuroorsig gegenereer. Twee panele van kundiges het die items beoordeel en hersien om (i) siggeldigheid, en (ii) inhoudsgeldigheid te verseker, en dit deur middel van die Fuzzy Delfi-metode ontleed. Vir Fases 2 en 3 is data ingewin van toeriste wat een van Suid-Afrika se Wêreldserfenisterreine met kultuurwaarde besoek het (Fossielhominiedterreine, Robbeneiland of Mapungubwe Kulturele Landskap). Die data is ewekansig in twee steekproewe verdeel. Fase 2 het konstrukgeldigheid en betroubaarheid op die voorgestelde skaal geëvalueer, terwyl Fase 3 kruisvalidering van die skaal behels het deur hoofsaaklik faktorontleding en t-toetse te gebruik. Die teoretiese bydraes wat gemaak is, sluit in (i) ’n definisie van kultuurerfenistoerisme, (ii) ’n skaal vir verantwoordelike toeristegedrag in kultrerfenistoerisme, en (iii) ’n bydrae tot die bestaande kennismassa op die terrein van toerismebestuur oor die onderwerp ‘verantwoordelike toeristegedrag in kultuurerfenistoerisme-omgewings’. Daarbenewens het die studie sosialewetenskapnavorsers voorsien van ’n stel prosedures wat hulle sal help om ’n nuwe gevalideerde skaal te ontwikkel en die voorspellingsvermoë van hul bestaande skaal te verbeter deur hul metodes met die huidige studie te vergelyk. Laastens sal die ontwikkelde gevalideerde skaal kultuurerfenistoerismeterreine help om verantwoordelike toeristegedrag te evalueer en volhoubare toerismepraktyke toe te pas wat onvanpaste gedrag sal korrigeer of wysig. afr
dc.description.abstract Maitshwaro ao e sego a maleba a baeti a tliša matšhošetši go poloko ya methopo ya setšo ka makaleng a boeti a bohwa bja setšo. Go šireletša mafelo a bohwa bja setšo ka katlego, bolaodi bo swanetše go lebelela maitshwaro a maleba a baeti gore bo kgone go bea melawana ya maitshwaro yeo e akaretšago magato a kgalemo go maitshwaro ao a sego a amogelega. Go fihla ga bjale, go na le kgatelopele ya go bea melawana ya boitshwaro mabapi le methopo ya tlhago; le ge go le bjalo, boeti bja bohwa bja setšo bo akaretša methopo ya tlhago le ya setšo. Go na le bohlatse bjo bo lekanyeditšwego bja gore sekala seo se kgonthišitšwego se šetše se le gona go lebelela maitshwaro a mabapi le methopo ya tlhago le ya setšo ka mafelong a boeti bja bohwa bja setšo. Maikemišetšo a nyakišišo ye ke go tlhama sekala sa kgonthišišo sa maitshwaro a maleba a baeti go boeti bja bohwa bja setšo. Nyakišišo e šomišitše mekgwa ye e tswakantšwego ka dikgato tše tharo go tlhama sekala seo se kgonthišitšwego. Go kgato ya 1, dintlha tša mathomo di kgobokeditšwe ka go sekaseka lithereitšha. Dihlopha tše pedi tša ditsebi di sekasekile le go badišiša dintlha go netefatša (i) go nepagala ga ponagalo, le (ii) go nepagala ga diteng ka go šomiša Mokgwa wa Fuzzy Delphi. Go kgato ya 2 le 3, datha e kgobokeditšwe go tšwa go baeti bao ba bego ba etetše le lengwe la lefelo la Bohwa la Lefase la Afrika Borwa leo le lego bohlokwa go tša setšo (Fossil Hominid, Robben Island, goba Ponagalo ya naga ya setšo ya Mapungubwe). Datha e arotšwe ka dikarolo tša disampole tše pedi. Kgato ya 2 e sekasekile go netefala le go botega ga sekala seo se šišintšwego, mola Kgato ya 3 e sekasekile sekala ka dintlha le diteko tša t. Diteori tša nyakišišo tšeo di dirilwego di akaretša (i) tlhalošo ya boeti bja bohwa bja setšo, (ii) sekala sa maitshwaro a maleba ka go boeti bja bohwa bja setšo, le (iii) kabelo ya tsebo ka go lefapha la taolo ya tša boeti ka thopiki ya ‘maitshwaro a baeti a maleba mafelong a bohwa bja setšo’. Godimo ga fao, nyakišišo ye e file banyakišiši bao ba dirago dinyakišišo tša disaense tša leago ditshepedišo tšeo di tlago go ba thuša go hlama sekala seo se netefaditšwego se se mpsha le go kaonafatša bokgoni bja go akanyetša bja dikala tša bona ka go bapetša mekgwa ya bona le mekgwa ya nyakišišo ya thuto ye. Sa mafelelo, sekala se se netefaditšwego seo se hlamilwego se tla thuša mafelo a boeti bja bohwa bja setšo go lekola maitshwaro a baeti a maleba le ka go šomiša mekgwa ya boeti ya go ya go ile yeo e tlago phošolla goba ya fetoša maitshwaro ao e sego a maleba. sot
dc.format.extent 1 online resource (xxiii, 375 leaves): illustrations (some color), map en
dc.language.iso en en
dc.subject Alternative tourism en
dc.subject Cultural heritage tourism en
dc.subject Heritage interpretation en
dc.subject Responsible behaviour en
dc.subject Scale development en
dc.subject Alternatiewe toerisme afr
dc.subject Kultuurefernistoerisme afr
dc.subject Erfenisinterpretasie afr
dc.subject Verantwoordelike gedrag afr
dc.subject Skaalontwikkeling afr
dc.subject Kgetho ya boeti sot
dc.subject Boeti bja bohwa bja setšo sot
dc.subject Tlhathollo ya bohwa sot
dc.subject Maitshwaro a maikarabelo sot
dc.subject Tlhabollo ya sekala sot
dc.subject.ddc 910
dc.subject.lcsh Heritage tourism en
dc.subject.lcsh Culture and tourism en
dc.subject.lcsh Tourists en
dc.subject.lcsh Cultural property en
dc.subject.other UCTD sot
dc.title The development of a validated scale of responsisible tourist behaviour in cultural heritage tourism en
dc.type Thesis en
dc.description.department Business Management en
dc.description.degree D. Phil. (Management Studies) en


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