dc.contributor.advisor |
Kotze, D. A. (Dirk Albertus), 1939- |
|
dc.contributor.author |
Tagese Helore Lamore
|
|
dc.date.accessioned |
2022-09-30T11:56:42Z |
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dc.date.available |
2022-09-30T11:56:42Z |
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dc.date.issued |
2022-08 |
|
dc.identifier.uri |
https://hdl.handle.net/10500/29414 |
|
dc.description |
Abstract in English with Zulu, Northern Sotho and Amharic translations |
en |
dc.description.abstract |
In this study the effectiveness of foreign aid on economic development and poverty alleviation in Ethiopia during the period of 2011 to 2020 was analysed. On the one hand, government reports have indicated that the country is economically one of the fastest growing in Africa, a position that has been seconded by international financial institutions and other bilateral donors. On the other hand, the country remains on the list of poorest countries in the world. A qualitative approach was applied in investigating the problems related to foreign aid effectiveness in Ethiopia. The data used in the study was both primary and secondary. Open-ended interviews and focus group discussions were used to generate data from key informants and focus group participants. Content analysis of documents was done using aid flow records, reports of government and United Nations agencies, policy manuals, research findings, books and journals from secondary data sources. The data analysis focused on trends in economic development and foreign aid flow to Ethiopia during the past decade (2011 – 2020), and the role aid plays in economic development and poverty alleviation and its effectiveness in Ethiopia. The primary data sources show that economic performance in Ethiopia during the past decade was sluggish and poverty alleviation targets remained unmet. The number of people below the poverty line remained high and the expected economic transition from an agriculture-led to an industry-led economy did not happen. The results of the effectiveness of foreign aid on poverty alleviation in aid-recipient countries are still inconclusive. Political affiliation, lack of accountability mechanisms, poor collaboration among actors, poor infrastructure and political instability are additional hindering factors in Ethiopia. In line with the perceptions of the primary data sources, institutional capacity is one of the major bottlenecks in Ethiopia hindering foreign aid effectiveness. Regardless of the increasing trend in aid flow into economic sectors in Ethiopia, the effect on poverty alleviation was found to be minimal and its effectiveness hampered by many factors from both the aid recipients’ and the donors’ sides. This study therefore recommends that the factors hindering aid effectiveness in Ethiopia be meaningfully investigated to develop effective country-specific strategies for better use of foreign aid in economic development. |
en |
dc.description.abstract |
Nyakišišo ya thuto ye e sekasekile go šoma gabotse ga thušo ya go tšwa go dinaga tša ka ntle go
tlhabollo ya ekonomi le go fokotša bohloki nageng ya Ethiopia go tloga ka 2011 go fihla ka 2020.
Ka go le lengwe, dipego tša mmušo di laeditše gore ekonomi ya naga ye ke ye nngwe yeo e golago
ka lebelo la godimo ka Aforika, boemo bjo bo thekgilwego ke makala a boditšhabatšhaba a
ditšhelete le baabi ba thušo ba dinaga tše dingwe. Ka go le lengwe gape, naga ye ke ye nngwe ya
dinaga tšeo di aparetšwego ke bohloki kudu lefaseng. Mokgwa wa nyakišišo wa khwalithethifi o
šomišitšwe go nyakišiša mathata ao a amanago le go šoma gabotse ga thušo yeo e tšwago go dinaga
tša ka ntle ka Ethiopia. Datha ye e šomišitšwego go nyakišišo ye ke ya mothopo wa mathomo le
mothopo wa bobedi. Dipoledišano tša dipotšišo tša go arabja ka tlhalošo le dipoledišano tša go
lebana sehlopha se itšeng di šomišitšwe go kgoboketša datha go tšwa go babegi ba bohlokwa le
batšeakarolo ba sehlopha se itšeng. Tshekatsheko ya diteng e dirilwe ka go šomiša direkhoto tša
phatlalatšo ya thušo, dipego tša mmušo le makala a Ditšhabakopano, dipholisi, dikutullo tša
nyakišišo, dipuku le ditšenale go tšwa go methopo ya bobedi ya datha. Tshekatsheko ya datha e
tsepeletše go mekgwa ya tlhabollo ya ekonomi le ditšhelete tša thušo tša go tšwa dinageng tša ka
ntle tšeo di amogetšwego ka Ethiopia go ngwagasome wo o fetilego (2011 – 2020), le karolo ye e
bapalwago ke thušo go tlhabollo ya ekonomi le phokotšong ya bohloki le go šoma gabotse ga yona
ka Ethiopia. Dikutullo tša nyakišišo di laeditše go fokola ga maemo a ekonomi go ngwagasome
wo o fetilego le go se fihlelele maano a phokotšo ya bohloki. Palo ya batho bao ba hlokago e tšwela
pele go ba godimo gomme phetogo ya ekonomi yeo e letetšwego go tšwa go ekonomi yeo e
etilwego pele ke temo le ekonomi yeo e etilwego pele ke diintaseteri ga se ya ba gona. Dipoelo tša
tshepedišo ya thušo go tšwa dinageng tša ka ntle go fokotša bohloki dinageng tšeo di amogetšego
thušo ya ditšhelete ga se tša fihlelelwa. Dikamano tša sepolotiki, go hloka mekgwa ya maikarabelo,
tšhomišano ya go fokola gare ga batšeakarolo, mananeokgoparara ao e sego a maleba le maemo a
mabe a dipolotiki ke mabaka a mangwe ao a šitišago kgolo ka Ethiopia. Go ya ka dikgopolo tša
batšeakarolo ba bangwe, bokgoni bja mafapha ke lebaka le lengwe leo le šitišago go šoma gabotse
ga thušo ya go tšwa dinageng tša ka ntle. Ka ntle le mokgwa wa go oketšega ga thušo ye e
amogelwago ke makala a ekonomi ka Ethiopia, khuetšo godimo ga bohloki e hweditšwe gore ke
ye nnyane gomme go šoma gabotse ga yona go fokotša bohloki go šitišitšwe ke mabaka a mantši
go tšwa mahlakoreng a mabedi a baabi le baamogedi ba thušo. Bjalo, nyakišišo ye e šišinya gore
mabaka ao a šitišago go šoma gabotse ga thušo yeo e amogelwago ka Ethiopia a nyakišišwe ka
botlalo go dira maano a go šoma gabotse a naga a tšhomišo e kaone ya thušo ya go tšwa go dinaga
tša ka ntle go hlabolla ekonomi. |
nso |
dc.description.abstract |
Kulolu cwaningo ukusebenza kosizo lwangaphandle ekuthuthukisweni komnotho kanye nokulwa
nobubha e-Ethiopia ngesikhathi sika-2011 kuya ku-2020 kwahlaziywa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi,
imibiko kahulumeni iveze ukuthi izwe ngokwezomnotho lingelinye lamazwe akhula ngokushesha
e-Afrika, okuyisikhundla esisekelwe yizikhungo zezimali zamazwe ngamazwe kanye nabanye
abaxhasi bamazwe amabili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izwe lisalokhu lisohlwini lwamazwe ampofu
kakhulu emhlabeni. Kusetshenziswe indlela yokuqoqa nokuhlaziya imininingwane engeyona
izinombolo ekuphenyeni izinkinga ezihlobene nempumelelo yosizo lwangaphandle e-Ethiopia.
Imininingwane esetshenziswe ocwaningweni bekuyiyo yomibili eyinhloko neyesibili. Izingxoxo
ezivulelekile kanye nezingxoxo zamaqembu okugxilwe kuzo zisetshenziswe ukukhiqiza
imininingwane evela kubaqondisi abakhulu nakubahlanganyeli bamaqembu okugxilwe kuwo.
Ukuhlaziywa kokuqukethwe kwemibhalo kwenziwa kusetshenziswa usizo lokuqoqa nokuhlaziya
imininingwane kwezokuxhumana enjalo yokusebenza ezweni lonke, imibiko kahulumeni
nezinhlangano zeNhlangano Yezizwe, izincwadi zenqubomgomo, okutholwe ngocwaningo,
izincwadi namaphephabhuku avela emithonjeni yemininingwane yesibili. Ukuhlaziywa
kwemininingwane kugxile ekuthuthukisweni komnotho nasekugelezeni kosizo lwangaphandle
oluya e-Ethiopia phakathi neshumi leminyaka elidlule (2011 - 2020), kanye neqhaza elibamba
usizo ekuthuthukisweni komnotho nokulwa nobubha nokusebenza kwayo e-Ethiopia. Imithombo
yemininingwane eyinhloko ibonisa ukuthi ukusebenza komnotho e-Ethiopia phakathi neminyaka
eyishumi edlule bekunokuvilapha futhi okuhlosiwe kokuqeda ubumpofu kusalokhu
kungafinyelelwa. Isibalo sabantu abangaphansi kwesigaba sobuphofu sahlala siphezulu futhi
uguquko lwezomnotho obelulindelwe lusuka kwezolimo oluholela emnothweni oholwa yimboni
aluzange lwenzeke. Imiphumela yokuphumelela kosizo lwangaphandle ekulweni nobumpofu
emazweni athola usizo ayikacaci. Ukuzihlanganisa nezombusazwe, ukuntuleka kwezindlela
zokuziphendulela, ukusebenzisana okungalungile phakathi kwabadlali, ingqalasizinda empofu
kanye nokungazinzi kwezombangazwe yizici ezengeziwe eziyizithiyo e-Ethiopia.
Ngokuhambisana nemibono yemithombo yemininingwane eyinhloko, amandla esikhungo
angenye yezingqinamba ezinkulu e-Ethiopia ezithiya ukusebenza kosizo lwangaphandle.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umkhuba owandayo wokugeleza kosizo emikhakheni yezomnotho e Ethiopia, umthelela wokunciphisa ubumpofu utholakale umncane futhi ukusebenza kwawo
kuphazanyiswa izici eziningi ezivela emacaleni amabili abamukeli bosizo kanye nezinhlangothi
zabaxhasi. Ngakho-ke lolu cwaningo luphakamisa ukuthi izici ezivimbela ukusebenza kahle
kosizo e-Ethiopia ziphenywe ngokunengqondo ukuze kuthuthukiswe amasu asebenzayo aqondene
nezwe elithile ukuze kusetshenziswe kangcono usizo lwangaphandle ekuthuthukisweni komnotho. |
zu |
dc.description.abstract |
በዚህ ጥናት በኢትዮጵያ እ.አ.አ ከ2011 እስከ 2020 ዓ.ም ድረስ የውጭ እርዳታ በምጣኔ ሀብት እድገት እና
ድህነት ቅነሳ ላይ ያስከተለው ውጤታማነት ተተንትኗል፡፡ በአንድ በኩል የሃገሪቷ የምጣኔ ሀብት በአፍሪካ
አህጉር ደረጃ በፍጥነት እያደጉ ከሚገኙት አንዱ እንደሆነ መንግስት በየጊዜው ሲነግረን የነበረ ሲሆን በዚህ
ረገድ የአለም አቀፍ የገንዘብ ተቋማትና ሌሎች የሁለትዮሽ ላጋሾችም በተመሳሳይ መልኩ ሲያስተጋቡ
ቆይተዋል፡፡ በሌላ በኩል ግን ሃገሪቷ በዓለም ላይ ካሉት እጅግ በጣም ድሃ ሃገሮች ተርታ ተመድባ ትገኛለች፡፡
viii
ጥናቱ በኢትዮጵያ የምጣኔ ሀብት እድገት ላይ የውጭ እርዳታ እና እገዛ ውጤታማ እንዳይሆን ያደረጉ
ችግሮችን ለመለየት ዓይነታዊ የጥናት አካሄድ ስርዓት ተከትሏል፡፡ በጥናቱ ውስጥ አገልግሎት ላይ የዋሉ
መረጃዎች የመጀመሪያ ደረጃ መረጃዎች እና ከሁለተኛ ወገን የተገኙ መረጃዎች ናቸው፡፡ ከዚህ ጥናት ጋር
ተያይዞ ተገቢ ቃለ መጠይቆች የተፈለገ መልስ በሚሰጥበት አካሄድ የተከናወነ ሲሆን ከአጠቃላይ የጥናቱ
ሂደት አንጻር አስፈላጊ መረጃዎችን ከቡድን ውይይት ተሳታፊዎችና ቁልፍ መረጃ ሰጪ ከተባሉ አካላት
ለመሰብሰብ ተችሏል፡፡ በሰነዶች ይዘት ትንተና እና ግምገማ ሂደትም አጠቃላይ የእርዳታ ፍሰት መረጃዎችና፣
ሪፖርቶች ከመንግስት አካላት እና ከተባበሩት መንግስታት ኤጀንሲዎች የተወሰዱ ሲሆን ከዚህ ጎን ለጎንም
የፖሊሲ ማንዋሎች፣ የጥናት ግኝቶች፣ መጽሐፍትና ጋዜጦች እንደሁለተኛ ደረጃ የመረጃ ምንጭነት
ተወስደዋል፡፡ የመረጃ ቋት ትንተና ሂደትም በዚህ ጥናት ውስጥ ስለ አጠቃላይ ምጣኔ ሀብት ወይም የሃገሪቷ
ልማት እና ላለፉት አስር አመታት ማለትም እ.አ.አ ከ2011 እስከ 2020 ዓ.ም ድረስ ወደ ኢትዮጵያ ከውጪ
የገቡ እርዳታዎች ላይ ትኩረት ሲያደርግ በአጠቃላይ በሃገሪቷ የምጣኔ ሃብት ዕድገት እና በድህነት ቅነሳ
ስትራቴጂ ላይ የነበረቸው ሚናና ውጤታማነት ከግምት ውስጥ ገብተዋል፡፡ ከመጀመሪያ ደረጃ የመረጃ
ምንጮች የተገኙ መረጃዎች እንዳመለከቱት ባለፉት አስር አመታት የኢትዮጵያ የምጣኔ ሀብት አፈጸጸም
በጣም አዝጋሚ እና የተወጠነው የድህንት ቅነሳ ስትራቴጂ እና ግብም የተፈለገውን አላማ እና ግብ
እንዳልመታ ተለይቷል፡፡ በሃገራችን ከድህነት ወለል በታች የሚኖሩ ዜጎች አሁንም ቢሆን ቁጥራቸው ከጊዜ ወደ
ጊዜ እየናረ የሚገኝ ሲሆን ከዚሁ ጋር ተያይዞም አጠቃላይ የምጣኔ ሀብት እድገት ከግብርና መር ወደ
ኢንዱስትሪ መር ለማሸጋገር የተሞከረው ጥረት ተግባራዊ ሆኖ አልተገኘም፡፡ የውጪ ዕርዳታ በተቀበይ አገሮች
የድህነት ቅነሳም ሆነ የምጣኔ ሀብት እድገት ላይ ያለው ውጤታማነት ያልተቋጨ መከራከሪያ ሆኖ ተገኝቷል፡፡
አጠቃላይ የሃገራችን የፖለቲካ ሁኔታ፣ የተጠያቂት ስርዓት ያለመኖር፣ የተዋናይ ወገኖች ያለመተባበር እና
ትብብራቸውም ደካማ መሆን፣ የመሰረተ ልማት አለመሟላት እና የፖለቲካ ሁኔታ አለመረጋጋት በኢትዮጵያ
የምጣኔ ሀብት እድገት ላይ የበኩላቸውን አሉታዊ ተጽዕኖ አሳድረዋል፡፡ በዚህ ጥናትውስጥ ከመጀመሪያ ደረጃ
የመረጃ ምንጮች ከተገኙት ጥቆማዎች አንጻር በኢትዮጵያ ውስጥ የውጭ እርዳታ ፍሰት ውጤታማነት ላይ
ማነቆ ከሆኑት ጉዳዮች የተቋማት የአቅም ውስንነት አንዱ ነው፡፡ በኢትዮጵያ ለምጣኔ ሀብት እድገት ካሉት
የእርዳታ ፍሰት ጋር ተያይዞ ፍሰቱ የጨመረ ቢሆንም እንኳን በሃገሪቷ በድህነት ቅነሳ ላይ ግን እየተወጣ ያለው
ሚና ዝቅተኛ ከመሆኑም በላይ ውጤታማነቱ ከሁለቱም ከእርዳታ ተቀባይ እና ሰጪ ወገኖች ከሚመነጩ
በርካታ መንስኤዎች ተደናቅፏል፡፡ ይህ ጥናት ከዚህ አንጻር በኢትዮጵያ ውስጥ የውጭ እርዳታ ውጤታማ
እንዳይሆን ያደረጉ ጉዳዮች በጥልቀት ተመርምሮ እና ተጠንቶ ከውጭ የሚገኝ እርዳታ በተሻለ ሁኔታ ለሃገሪቷ
የምጣኔ ሀብት እድገትና ድህነት ቅነሳ የተሻለ አስተዋጽኦ እንዲያደርግ የሚያስችሉ ስትራቴዎችን ማዘጋጀት
አስፈላጊ መሆኑን የበኩሉን አስተያየት ያቀርባል፡፡ |
amh |
dc.format.extent |
1 online resource (188 leaves): illustrations (some color) |
en |
dc.language.iso |
en |
en |
dc.subject |
Aid effectiveness |
en |
dc.subject |
Economic development |
en |
dc.subject |
Ethiopia |
en |
dc.subject |
Foreign aid |
en |
dc.subject |
Poverty alleviation |
en |
dc.subject |
Go šoma gabotse ga thušo |
nso |
dc.subject |
Tlhabollo ya ekonomi |
nso |
dc.subject |
Ethiopia |
nso |
dc.subject |
Thušo go tšwa go dinaga tša ka ntle |
nso |
dc.subject |
Phokotšo ya bohloki |
nso |
dc.subject |
Ukusiza ngempumelelo |
zu |
dc.subject |
Ukuthuthukiswa kwezomnotho |
zu |
dc.subject |
i-Ethopia |
zu |
dc.subject |
Usizo lwangaphandle |
zu |
dc.subject |
Ukuqeda ubumpofu |
zu |
dc.subject |
የእርዳታ |
amh |
dc.subject |
ውጤታማነት |
amh |
dc.subject |
የምጣኔ ሀብት እድገት |
amh |
dc.subject |
ኢትዮጵያ |
amh |
dc.subject |
የውጭ እርዳታ |
amh |
dc.subject |
ድህነት ቅነሳ |
amh |
dc.subject.ddc |
338.9109632 |
|
dc.subject.lcsh |
Economic assistance -- Ethiopia |
en |
dc.subject.lcsh |
Economic development -- Ethiopia -- Finance |
en |
dc.subject.lcsh |
Ethiopia -- Economic conditions |
en |
dc.subject.lcsh |
Developing countries -- Ethiopia -- Dependency on foreign countries |
en |
dc.subject.lcsh |
Finance -- Ethiopia -- Developing countries |
en |
dc.title |
Analysis of foreign aid effectiveness on economic development in Ethiopia |
en |
dc.type |
Thesis |
en |
dc.description.department |
Development Studies |
en |
dc.description.degree |
D. Phil. (Development Studies) |
en |