Evaluating the utilisation of Integrated Ballistic Identification System (IBIS) in the investigation of firearms-related crimes in Pretoria

Abstract

The rise in firearms-related crimes which involve a repeated use of firearms by criminal syndicates in South Africa, has become a huge concern and has reached alarming levels. The aim of this research was to evaluate the role played by SAPS Forensic Science Laboratory in use of the integrated ballistic identification system (IBIS) in the investigation of firearms-related crimes, with the objectives to understand what is IBIS, and the purpose therefore to evaluate and understand the processes employed using IBIS in the investigation of firearms hence the following questions were answered: What is the meaning of IBIS and how is it used in the investigations of firearms? The researcher evaluated how forensic analysts are currently examining exhibits (firearms, cartridge cases and bullets) with the use of IBIS and highlighted the inefficiencies that hinder effective use of the IBIS system. A qualitative approach was adopted in conducting the study, where interviews, documents and personal experiences were used as data collection methods. The researcher made use of an empirical design, as the information available on the research topic was limited. The empirical design, together with a qualitative research approach, allowed for real-life observations. The researcher used purposive sampling to select ballistic experts with experience and knowledge of IBIS and firearms-related investigations. With limited time available for the research, purposive sampling is somewhat less costly, more readily accessible, more convenient and selects only those individuals that are relevant to research design. In terms of the use of IBIS in the investigation of firearms-related crimes, the research found that IBIS was not sufficiently utilised in the investigation of firearms-related crimes. Though useful and efficient when used effectively, there are inefficient processes impeding the use of the IBIS system to its full potential. Recommendations are that Forensic Science Laboratory (FSL) Ballistics Section management optimally utilise IBIS in the investigation of firearms-related crimes. This can be achieved through further training of the ballistic analysts and the development of new management procedures to be implemented specifically to govern the operation of the system.