Coping strategies and health implications of the urban poor in the face of limited water and sanitation services: the case of Caledonia in Harare Zimbabwe

Abstract

The 21st century has seen increased urbanisation the world over. In many of these countries, urbanisation has not been followed with adequate service provision. This qualitative study sought to investigate the state, impact and coping means to water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services in Caledonia informal settlement found in Harare, Zimbabwe. Data were collected using interviews, document review and group discussions with conveniently and purposively sampled key informants and residents. Analysing data using the Public Service Improvement theory, the enabling approach and thematic approach, the study noted limited access to WASH services due to the absence of a functional governance structure, political interference, absence of water reservoir and financial constraints. Amid these WASH challenges, residents resorted to water harvesting and purchasing, borehole drilling, digging and pit latrines, burning and dumping of waste in undesignated areas. While a relief to residents, the measures have detrimental effect on social and economic welfare of residents. Thus, the study recommends establishment, resourcing and capacitation of a well-coordinated and functional local authority to run the affairs of Caledonia.