In modern day supply chains, it has become important for all role players to not only be
aware of the risks associated with import supply chains in general, but more also
specifically in the commodity trade. Due to the nature and small margins in the commodity
trade industry it is crucial for the relevant role players to not only take note of these risks,
but to also develop strategies and techniques to mitigate and /or reduce these risks when
possible. In the ever-changing world where demand fluctuates, and the only constant is
change, it requires a supply chain that can adapt to external forces with techniques and
strategies that are suitable at that time. In order to understand risks and how to manage
them better, this dissertation will focus on the key risks involved in the bulk import supply
chain of soda ash, which is used in the manufacturing of many products, including wellknown
consumer products.
The study investigated various risks, supply chain risk management, and strategies to
manage these risks in a proactive and reactive way through collaboration, agility,
robustness, stability and flexibility. This study also tries to indicate the role and importance
of collaboration, integration and supply chain resilience. A quantitative research design
was used to gather the data, which included a questionnaire with close-ended questions
with scales from which respondents had to select the options with which they mostly
agreed. The major risks identified in the study are pandemics (COVID-19), port delays,
logistics outsourcing, labour strikes and infrastructure deterioration. The top five risk
mitigation strategies employed are flexible transport, collaboration with
suppliers/customers, resilient supply chain, works toward integration with
suppliers/customers and robust supply chain.
In hedendaagse voorsieningskettings het dit belangrik geword vir alle rolspelers om nie
net bewus te wees van die risiko’s wat oor die algemeen met invoervoorsieningskettings
gepaardgaan nie, maar ook spesifiek in die kommoditeitshandel. Vanweë die aard van dié
bedryf en die klein marges in kommoditeitshandel, is dit noodsaaklik dat die relevante
rolspelers van hierdie risiko’s moet kennis dra, en strategieë en tegnieke moet ontwikkel
om die risiko’s te temper en/of te verminder waar moontlik. In die voortdurend
veranderende wêreld waar aanvraag wissel en waar verandering die enigste konstante is,
moet ’n voorsieningsketting in staat wees om by eksterne kragte te kan aanpas – met
tegnieke en strategieë wat op daardie tydstip geskik is. Om risiko’s te verstaan en beter
te kan bestuur, sal hierdie verhandeling fokus op die sleutelrisiko’s wat ter sake is in die
grootmaat-invoervoorsieningsketting van soda-as, wat gebruik word in die vervaardiging
van vele produkte, waaronder bekende verbruikersprodukte.
Die studie het ondersoek ingestel na verskillende risiko’s,
voorsieningskettingrisikobestuur, en strategieë om hierdie risiko’s proaktief en reaktief te
bestuur, deur samewerking, lenigheid, robuustheid, stabiliteit en soepelheid. Daar is ook
gepoog om die rol en belangrikheid van samewerking, integrering en
voorsieningskettingveerkrag aan te dui. ’n Kwantitatiewe navorsingsontwerp is gebruik om
die data in te samel, insluitende ’n vraelys met geslote vrae en skale waar respondente
dié opsies moes kies waarmee hulle die meeste saamstem. Die vernaamste risiko’s wat in
hierdie studie geïdentifiseer is, is pandemies (soos COVID-19), oponthoude by hawens,
logistieke uitkontraktering, werkstakings, en vervalle infrastruktuur. Die topvyfrisikotemperingstrategieë
wat ingespan word is buigsaamheid ten opsigte van vervoer,
samewerking met verskaffers en/of klante, veerkragtige voorsieningsketting, gerigtheid op
integrering met verskaffers en/of klante, en ’n kragtige voorsieningsketting.
Uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka ezinsuku zanamuhla, sekubalulekile kubo bonke
ababambiqhaza ukuthi bangagcini nje ngokuqaphela ubungozi obuhambisana okulethwa
kochungechunge lokuhlinzeka kwempahla kwamanye amazwe ngokujwayelekile, kodwa
futhi, ikakhulukazi, ekuhwebeni kwempahla. Ngenxa yesimo kanye nemikhawulo
emincane embonini yohwebo lwempahla, kubalulekile ukuthi ababambiqhaza
abathintekayo bangagcini nje ngokuqaphela lezi zingozi, kodwa futhi bakhe amasu
nezindlela zokunciphisa kanye/noma zokwehlisa lezi zingozi uma kungenzeka. Emhlabeni
oguquguqukayo lapho isidingo sishintshashintsha, futhi okuwukuphela kwenguquko
engaguquki, kudinga uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka olungakwazi ukuzivumelanisa
namandla angaphandle ngamasu nezindlela ezifanele ngaleso sikhathi. Ukuze kuqondwe
ubungozi kanye nendlela yokuphatha kangcono, le ncwadi izogxila ezingozini ezibalulekile
ezikhona ochungechungeni lokuhlinzekwa kwenqwaba yesoda kwamanye amazwe,
olusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni imikhiqizo eminingi, kuhlanganisa nemikhiqizo yabathengi
eyaziwayo.
Ucwaningo luphenye ubungozi obuhlukahlukene, ukuphathwa kwengcuphe
yochungechunge lokuhlinzeka, kanye namasu okulawula lobu bungozi ngendlela
esheshayo nesebenzayo ngokusebenzisana, ukushesha, ukuqina, ukuzinza
nokuvumelana nezimo. Lolu cwaningo luphinde luzame ukukhombisa indima kanye
nokubaluleka kokubambisana, ukuhlanganiswa kanye nokuqina kochungechunge
lokuhlinzeka. Kusetshenziswe idizayini yocwaningo lokulinganisa ukuze kuqoqwe idatha,
ehlanganisa nohlu lwemibuzo olunemibuzo evalekile enezilinganiso lapho abaphendulayo
bekufanele bakhethe khona abavumelana ngazo kakhulu. Izingozi ezinkulu eziphawulwe
ocwaningweni yizifo eziyiphandemikhi (ezifana ne-COVID-19), ukubambezeleka
kwechweba, ukukhishwa kwemisebenzi yezokuthutha, iziteleka zabasebenzi kanye
nokuwohloka kwengqalasizinda. Amasu amahlanu aphezulu okunciphisa ubungozi
asetshenziswayo kwezokuthutha ezivumelana nezimo, ukusebenzisana nabahlinzeki
kanye/noma amakhasimende, uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka kwempahla eqinile,
lusebenzela ukuhlanganiswa nabahlinzeki kanye/noma amakhasimende, kanye
nochungechunge oluqinile lokuhlinzeka ngezinto.
