The psychosocial effects of unemployment on young adults in Ekurhuleni Metropolitan area, Gauteng

Abstract

For many decades young adult unemployment has been - and still is - a massive problem throughout the world. The global economic crisis in 2008 led to a disproportionate increase in young adult unemployment around the world. The International Labour Organisation (2013) has warned of a “scarred” generation of youth facing high unemployment rates, characterised by increased inactivity and persistent poverty. Various complex and inter connected issues have collectively caused this crisis. South Africa is no exception. Some young people have become discouraged with the labour market, and they are not building on their skill base through education and training; thus, they are Not in Education, Employment, or Training - NEET. This situation poses a major threat to the country’s future economic prosperity. Furthermore, high levels of young adult unemployment are also associated with slower development progress, a lack of social trust, and a higher risk of social unrest. A qualitative, phenomenological study that employed purposive random sampling was conducted to investigate the effects of unemployment on the psychosocial development of young adults in the City of Ekurhuleni, South Africa. Semi-structured, face-to-face interviews were conducted with 10 participants. The results clearly indicate that unemployment has a devastating impact on the psychosocial development of unemployed young adults. Unemployment does not only affect the individual but also their loved ones and society in general. The research participants reported low self-esteem, the disintegration of social relationships, marital conflicts, and a host of other negative effects. All these issues, in combination, necessitate the need to develop an intervention strategy to help young people increase their prospects of finding employment. This endeavour would help to reduce young adult unemployment - even though on a small scale.