The support strategies of families living with children with intellectual disability in Capricorn District, Limpopo Province, South Africa

Abstract

Background: Deinstitutionalisation of people living with disabilities in communities encourage families to take caregiving responsibilities of raising children with intellectual disability (ID). This study explored and described the support needs provided to families of children living with ID at Capricorn District in Limpopo Province, South Africa, with the intention to develop support strategies that strengthen these families. Method: A qualitative approach was employed, using both explorative and descriptive designs. Non-probability purposive and snowballing sampling methods were employed to recruit families who were directly affected and had the experience of caring and raising children with ID. Data saturation enhanced determination of the sample size. Twenty-six families participated in focus group discussions and one-on-one in-depth interviews to collect data at their homes. Inductive thematic analysis was used to categorise and organise the responses of the participants, which were then converted into intelligible statements with the assistance of Atlas.Ti version 8 computer programme. Findings: The study findings were used to develop strategies to support families raising children with intellectual disability. In this regard, themes, categories and subcategories served as the evidence which primarily proved that families of children living with ID have limited support systems to enable their survival under challenging circumstances. Recommendations: Policy makers should develop legislative frameworks and guidelines that ensure effective support to the families of children living with ID. Such frameworks will facilitate rules and regulations, curriculum and programmes that enhance and strengthen family support systems. Intersectoral collaboration of different departments should address the challenges faced by the families. Furthermore, establishment of effective monitoring and evaluation support systems should enhance further support to these families. Conclusion: The study findings provide detailed understanding of challenges experienced of families of children living with ID. In addition, the findings illuminate on these families’ support needs, notwithstanding the systems of support already available for them to cope with the challenges they experience. The researcher envisages that the proposed strategies will facilitate provision of effective family support by all stakeholders to strengthen coping mechanisms of the families.