Analysis of factors influencing provision of municipal services in the rural districts : the case study of Luwingu District Council of Zambia

Abstract

Provision of municipal services to urban residents particularly those residing in small towns across developing countries, is facing challenges. A small town or rural district of Luwingu in Zambia, is no exception. This study provides an analysis of factors that influence provision of municipal services in developing countries with Luwingu town or rural district in Zambia as the case study. Through this study, it has been shown that urban residents in small towns and to some extent, those residing in urban peripheries such as informal settlements, low-income residential neighbourhoods in major cities continues to experience poor provision and access to basic services such as drinking water, sanitation, refuse removal and electricity supply. Influencing effective provision of municipal services in the developing countries including Luwingu district council in Zambia, is a number of factors. Amongst others, is inadequate service infrastructure; lack of human and financial resources in various local municipalities particularly small rural local municipalities including Luwingu district council in Zambia.

Phano ya ditshebeletso ya masepala ho baahi ba diteropo haholo ba dulang diteropong tse nyane ho pharalla le dinaha tse ntseng di tswelapele, e lebane le mathata. Torotswana e nyane kapa setereke sa mahaeng sa Luwingu ho la Zambia, le yona e ya tshwana. Phuputso ena e fana ka manollo ya dintlha tse amang phano ya ditshebeletso tsa masepala dinaheng tse ntseng di tswelapele e sebedisa teropo kapa setereke sa mahaeng sa Luwingu jwalo ka mohlala wa phuputso. Ka phuputso ena, ho bontshitswe hore baahi ba diteropong ba leng diteropong tse nyane le ka tsela e itseng, ba dulang mabopong a diteropo jwalo ka diahelo tse sa hlophiswang, metse ya batho ba kgolang tjhelete e nyane diteropokgolong tse kgolo, ba tswelapele ho fumana phano e fokolang le phihlello ho ditshebeletso tsa motheo tse jwalo ka metsi a nowang, tlheko ya dikgwerekgwere, tlhwekiso ya dithole le phepelo ya motlakase. Ke dintlha tse mmalwa tse amang phano e ntle ya ditshebeletso tsa masepala dinaheng tse ntseng di tswelapele ho kenyelletswa khansele ya setereke ya Luwingu e Zambia. Hara tse ding ke boteng bo fokolang ba disebediswa tsa ditshebeletso; tlhokeho ya ditjhelete le basebetsi dimasepaleng tse fapaneng tsa lehae tse kenyelletsang khansele ya setereke ya Luwingu e Zambia.

Ukunikezelwa kweenkonzo zikamasipala kujongene nemingeni kubahlali basezidolophini, ngakumbi abo bahlala kwiidolophu ezincinci kumazwe asaphuhlayo. Le nto iyenzeka nakwidolophana encinci okanye isithili sasemaphandleni aseLuwingu eZambia. Esi sifundo sihlalutya izinto ezinefuthe kunikezelo lweenkonzo zikamasipala kumazwe asaphuhlayo, kwaye sizekelisa ngedolophana okanye iphandle laseLuwingu eZambia. Ngokwenza esi sifundo, kubonakele ukuba abahlali beedolophana ezincinci kunye nabo bahlala kufuphi nazo, njengabo bahlala kwiindawo ezingekho sesikweni nabahlala kwiindawo zabantu abanemivuzo ephantsi kwizixeko ezikhulu, bafumana iinkonzo ezikumgangatho osezantsi. Ezo nkonzo zifana namanzi okusela, ukugcina ucoceko, ukuthuthwa kwenkunkuma nokunikezelwa kombane. Ziliqela iimeko ezinefuthe ekunikezelweni kweenkonzo zikamasipala ezisemgangathweni kumazwe asaphuhlayo njengeZambia, kwisithili saseLuwingu. Phakathi kwezo meko singabalula ukungafakwa ngokwaneleyo kwezilungiselelo nezibonelelo zeenkonzo, (infrastructure); ukunqongophala kwemali nabantu abaqeqeshelwe umsebenzi koomasipala bendawo abahlukeneyo, ngakumbi abeendawo ezincinci, kuquka nekhansile yesithili saseLuwingu eZambia.