An exploration of the impacts of socio-economic activities on the loss of biodiversity in the Maseru and Berea districts of Lesotho

Abstract

Biodiversity is a fundamental characteristic of life on Earth and encompasses the whole range of variation in living organisms. Lesotho has been subjected to tremendous biodiversity change over the last two centuries, primarily due to socio-economic activities. A number of socio-economic factors have contributed to the loss of biodiversity. However, worldwide experience has shown that, the consequences emanating from loss of biodiversity are sometimes irreversible as some species are threatened by extinction. The study aimed at exploring the impacts of socio-economic activities that result in loss of large game animals, predators and indigenous plants species in Lesotho. To serve this objective, both quantitative and qualitative research methodologies were used to collect data. Quantitative research method was used in pre-post tests whilst qualitative research method was used in interviews and focus group discussions to collect data. The finding and results of the study show that, impacts of human vectors such as immigration, migration, settlement, economic and recreation activities in Lesotho have the impacts to the loss of large game animals, predators and indigenous plants. It is imperative therefore, for Lesotho to find ways to establish more parks and botanic gardens that could offer opportunities for re-introduction of species in Lesotho, thus, adding value to the existing parks.