Werkers en werk in die Klassieke Romeinse Reg

Stoop, Barend  Christoffel

dc.contributor.advisor	Thomas, J.
dc.contributor.advisor	Hosten, W.J.
dc.contributor.author	Stoop, Barend Christoffel	en
dc.date.accessioned	2015-01-23T04:24:18Z
dc.date.available	2015-01-23T04:24:18Z
dc.date.issued	1994-06	en
dc.identifier.citation	Stoop, Barend Christoffel (1994) Werkers en werk in die Klassieke Romeinse Reg, University of South Africa, Pretoria, <http://hdl.handle.net/10500/16126>	en
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10500/16126
dc.format.extent	1 online resource (x, 262 leaves)	en
dc.language.iso	af
dc.subject	Legal history
dc.subject	Ancient Rome
dc.subject	Slave labour
dc.subject	Locatio conductio operis
dc.subject	Artas liberales
dc.subject	Economic and social conditions of the plebs urbana
dc.subject	Mercennarii
dc.subject	Artas liberales
dc.subject.ddc	340.541	en
dc.subject.lcsh	Roman law	en
dc.title	Werkers en werk in die Klassieke Romeinse Reg	en
dc.type	Thesis
dc.description.degree	LL.D.	en
dcterms.abstract	Reeds in arga'iese Rome het werkers en werk 'n belangrike rel gespeel. Alhoewel die Lex Duodecim Tabularum 'n bewys lewer van die bestaan van huurverhoudings teen die 5de eeu vC, kom daar geen verwysing in die Lex voor na arbeidsverhoudings nie. Tabula 4 2 van die Lex spreek nie die geval aan waar die paterfamilias sy seun verkoop of sy arbeidskragte tot beskikking van 'n derde stel nie. Hierdie bepaling van die Lex is gemik teen die pater familias wat sy seun prostitueer. Die migrasie vanaf die platteland gedurende die 2de en 3de eeue vC kan verklaar word aan die hand van die beter lewensomstandighede en werksgeleenthede wat daar in Rome bestaan het. Die literl§re bronne sowel as argeologiese en epigrafiese getuienis dui op die bestaan van 'n groot aantal beroepe te Rome en illustreer die belang van werkers en werk gedurende die klassieke periode. Ten einde hulle voortbestaan te kon verseker, moes die plebs urbana hulle arbeidskrag of vaardighede teen vergoeding beskikbaar stel. Daar steek geen waarheid in die opvatting dat die plebs urbana as parasitiese element slags geleef het van die aalmoese wat deur die staat verskaf is nie. Die sluiting van 'n kontrak van locatio conductio operarum het nie die werker se privaatregtelike status geraak nie en die fiber homo qui operas suas diurnas nocturnasque locat in P Sent 2 18 1, verwys moontlik na 'n mercennarius wat loco servorum in diens van 'n werkgewer was. Die gebrek aan verwysings wat daar in die Digesta bestaan na locatio conductio operarum, kan moontlik toegeskryf word aan die Romeinse juriste se siening dat die locator operarum slegs verplig was tot die lewering van fisiese arbeid en nie deskundige diens soos wat die geval was met locatio conductio operis nie. Of 'n bepaalde aktiwiteit in die kader van locatio conductio operis of locatio conductio operarum uitgeoefen sou word, sou normaalweg van die bedoeling van die partye afgehang het. Ook die sogenaamde artes liberales kon, afhangende van die sosiale stand van die beoefenaar van die beroep, in terme van locatio conductio uitgeoefen word.
dcterms.abstract	In archaic Rome workers and work already played an important role. Despite the fact that the Lex Duodecim Tabularum proves the existence of relationships based on letting and hiring during the fifth century BC, there is no provision in the Lex for labour relations. Tabula 4 2 of the Lex does not refer to the situation where the pater familias sells his son or makes his labour available to a third person but aimed at preventing the pater familias from prostituting his son. The migration from the rural areas to Rome during the 2nd and 3rd centuries BC can be explained by the improved living conditions in Rome and the availability of more job opportunities. Literary, archaeological and epigraphical evidence prove the existence of a large number of professions and illustrate the importance of workers and work during the classical period. The survival of the plebs urbana depended on income generated by them by making their labour or skills available. There is no truth in the view that the plebs urbana constituted a parasitical element of society that lived on the dole and were contemptuous of working for a living. The conclusion of a contract of locatio conductio operarum did not affect the private law status of a worker. The fiber homo qui operas suas diurnas nocturnasque locat in P Sent 2 18 1, may refer to a mercennarius who was employed loco servorum. The few references to locatio conductio operarum in the Digesta may be explained by the fact that, according to the definition of the contract, the locator operarum was only obliged to do physical labour and not to render specialist services as was the case with locatio conductio operis. Normally the intention of the parties determined whether a particular activity fell into the category of locatio conductio operls or locatio conductio operarum. The so-called artes liberales could also, depending on the social status of the practitioner of the profession, be exercised in terms of locatio conductio.