Text in Afrikaans
Die term "Alternatiewe Afrikaans" is die afgelope dekade telkens gebruik in
taalpolitieke publikasies, maar tot dusver is daar relatief min gedoen om die
begrip te analiseer, om die "Alternatiewe Afrikaanse beweging" histories te
kontekstualiseer, en om die "beweging" se taalpolitieke uitgangspunte en
publ ikasies krities te evalueer as ideologiese teenpool vir Standaardafrikaans
of "Establishment Afrikaans".
Hierdie proefskrif poog om, na aanleiding van 'n analise van die politieke
faktore rondom die opkoms en "kanoni sering" van Standaardafri kaans, die
totstandkoming van (wit) Afrikanerhegemonie en die daarmee gepaardgaande breuk
in die Afrikaanse taalgemeenskap, die ontstaan van die term "Alternatiewe
Afrikaans" en die taalpolitieke "agenda" van die "Alternatiewe beweging" te
ondersoek.
In die eerste hoofstuk word die taalsosiologie en taalpolitiek as
studieterreine ontleed en terme soos "politiek", "mag" en "ideologie" en die
verskei e wyses waarop hull e met taa 1 in verband gebri ng kan word, word
ondersoek. Die "Kritiese Linguistiek" word onder die loep geneem en die
hegemoniemodel van Gramsci word bespreek as deelteoretiese raamwerk vir hierdie studie.
In die tweede hoofstuk word die taalpolitiek van Standaardafrikaans bespreek
aan die hand van die volgende temas: Afrikanernasionalisme en Afrikaans, die
politisering en mitologisering van die ontstaansgeskiedenis van Afrikaans, en
die Afrikaanse taalbewegings. Tel kens word "alternatiewe", ontmitologiserende
beskouings teenoor "standaardbeskouings" van die temas gestel.
Die ontsluiting van 'n alternatiewe hegemonie, verbind met die "Alternatiewe
beweging" en "People's Education", word in hoofstuk 3 bespreek en die term
"Alternatiewe Afrikaans" word ontleed. Daar word besin oor die "Alternatiewe
beweging" as "taalbeweging".
In die vierde hoofstuk word die ideologie van "bevryding" in 'n aantal tekste
wat met "Alternatiewe Afrikaans" geassosieer word, geanaliseer aan die hand
van verskeie tegnieke uit die kritiese diskoersanalise. Manipulatiewe en
propagandistiese diskursiewe praktyke word uitgelig.
Die "depolitisering" en "demokratisering" van Afrikaans word in die
slothoofstuk bespreek. Daar word aangetoon dat "Alternatiewe Afrikaans" deur
'n duidelike polities-mobiliserende agenda onderle word, dat die varieteit 'n
verpolitiseerde "ideologiese metalek" van Afrikaans is en uiteindelik 'n
etiket is vir " 'n ideologie van bevryding" ten opsigte van die heersende
hegemoniese strukture
During the past decade the term "Alternative Afrikaans" has frequently been
used in publications on language politics. Until recently little has been done
concerning the analysis of this term and the contextualisation of the
"Alternative Afrikaans movement". The politico-linguistic premises and
publications of the "Alternative movement", as an ideological opposition to
Standard Afrikaans or "Establishment Afrikaans", have not yet been
sufficiently and critically evaluated.
The aim of this thesis is to investigate the origin of the term "Alternative
Afrikaans" and the politico-linguistic "agenda" of the "Alternative movement",
with analogical reference to the political factors surrounding the rise and
"canonisation" of Standard Afrikaans, the establishment of (white) Afrikaner
hegemony and the concomitant division within the Afrikaans language community.
In the first chapter the sociology of language and language politics are
discussed, and terms such as "politics", "power" and "ideology" and the
various ways in which they may be connected with language, are examined. The
field of "Critical Linguistics" and Gramsci's hegemonic model are discussed
as partial theoretical frameworks for this study.
In the second chapter the language politics of Standard Afrikaans is discussed
on the basis of the following themes: Afrikaner Nationalism and Afrikaans, the
politicisation and mythologising of the ontogenesis of Afrikaans, and the
Afrikaans language movements. "Alternative", demythologising views, contrary
to the "standard" views on these themes, are discussed.
The develpment of an alternative hegemony, linked with the "Alternative
movement" and "People's Education", is considered in chapter three and the
term "Alternative Afrikaans" is analysed. The "Alternative movement" is
analysed as "language movement".
In chapter four the ideology of "liberation" in a number of texts associated
with "Alternative Afrikaans" is analysed on the basis of various techniques
used in critical discourse analysis. Manipulative and propagandistic
discursive practices are highlighted.
The "depoliticisation" and "democratisation" of Afrikaans are considered in
the final chapter. It is argued that "Alternative Afrikaans" is based on a
specific agenda of political mobilisation, that this variety is a politicised
"ideological metalect" of Afrikaans and ultimately a "label" for an "ideology
of liberation" with regard to the prevailing hegemonical structures
