AJNM Volume 11 Issue 2, 2009
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Item Conference report : Scholarly Publishing in Africa : Opportunities and Impediments Johannesburg, South Africa, 28-29 May 2009(2009) Ehlers, V.J.It was a privilege to attend the above conference, and to meet authors and editors from a number of different African countries, universities and institutions concerned with publications. I presented a paper entitled : "Challenges of being an editor for the newly-accredited Africa Journal of Nursing and Midwifery" at this conference hosted by the Africa Institute of South Africa.Item Preceptors' and preceptees' views on student nurses' clinical accompaniment in Botswana(2009) Monareng, L.V.; Jooste, K.; Dube, A.An alternative nursing education system was adopted by Botswana to improve its clinical nursing education, employing preceptorship as a clinical teaching approach. Myrick (2002:154) states that although preceptorship is increasingly being used in practice settings, little is known about how preceptors teach and even less is known about how preceptorship relationships are fostered. The same situation prevails in Botswana and needed to be explored with a view to promote and facilitate clinical learning for students. This study sought to describe the views of preceptors and their preceptees regarding the role of the preceptor on the planning of learning activities during clinical accompaniment of student nurses in Botswana. Recommendations were described for preceptors on planning learning activities of preceptees in clinical nursing practice situations. This non-experimental, exploratory descriptive quantitative study sought to describe the role of the preceptor in selected clinical practice settings. A population of seven nursing education institutions were included. A convenient sample was selected that included 72 preceptors and 200 students / preceptees who agreed to participate in the study. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were analysed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings revealed that preceptors should focus more on identifying the learning needs of the students, hold planning sessions with students to determine these needs and have time to schedule learning activities. Preceptors need to focus on their professional role to provide reality based, skills-oriented learning opportunities in the unit for preceptees during clinical accompaniment. The preceptor's role demands examining how learning activities should be planned so that the preceptees achieve their own learning objectives and those of the unit concerned.Item Burden of endemic disease and health seeking behaviour in Ebonyi state, Nigeria : socio-economic status and geographic differences(2009) Madubuko, G.; Onwujekwe, O.; Obikeze, E.; Uzochukwu, B.; Okoronkwo, I.; Ochonma, O.The aim of this study was to investigate the socio-economic status (SES) and geographic differences in occurrence and burden of tropical endemic diseases, as well as the health seeking behaviours of individuals residing in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The study was undertaken in three communities (urban, semi-urban and rural). A pre-tested structured interview schedule was used to collect data from randomly selected households. An asset-based SES index was used to examine the occurrence of socio-economic equity in burden of disease and health seeking behaviours, whilst comparisons between the three communities were used to explore geographic equity in the burden of disease and health seeking behaviours of households. The majority of the households reported occurrences of illness during the month preceding the survey. Malaria and diarrhoea were the most commonly reported illnesses. There were inequities in the burden of disease and treatment seeking behaviours amongst the study groups. The poorer households and rural dwellers sought treatment more often from lower level providers than the richer urban dwellers. Appropriate interventions are required to equitably scale-up the deployment of existing cost-effective tools for the control of tropical endemic diseases if Nigeria is to achieve its millennium development goals (MDGs).Item Malaria preventive measures implemented by parents of by parents of under-five children in Bukumbi, Tanzania(2009) Dinho, A.E.; Van der Merwe, M.M.; Ehlers, V.J.A quantitative, explorative, descriptive contextual study was conducted to determine to what extent the malaria control measures proposed by the Tanzanian government had been implemented by parents of children aged 0-5 who lived in Bukumbi village. Structured interviews were conducted with 40 parents of children who had been admitted for malaria treatment during 2007. Although respondents had a basic knowledge of malaria preventive measures they did not implement actions preventing the anopheles mosquitoes' breeding in this tropical area. The vicious cycle of poverty, malaria episodes and lack of proper malaria health education hampered the implementation of control measures such as the spraying of houses with insecticides, and clearing pools of stagnant water. Although the government of Tanzania subsidises insecticide treated bed nets the respondents did not maintain these nets and did not renew the insecticide treatment of these nets. The incidence of malaria is unlikely to decline in the Bukumbi village unless all identified factors are addressed.Item Development of a model to prevent premature sexual relations among junior high school female learners in Thailand(2009) Chanjar, S.; Chommanard, W.; Lookid, C.The objective of this research was to develop and evaluate a set of life-skill techniques designed to prevent premature sexual relations among junior high school learners in Thailand. All participants completed a questionnaire that included demographic information and information regarding knowledge, attitudes, current sexual behaviours, and problem solving strategies. Information was obtained from school administrators, health education teachers, and counseling teachers regarding school regulations dealing with inappropriate sexual behaviours, such as kissing and inappropriate touching while in school and current regulations for inappropriate sexual behaviours of learners. Data from questionnaires and interviews were analysed. The results were then presented to stakeholders and developing a model to prevent or reduce premature sexual activities. A model was developed based on focus group discussions with stakeholders.
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