2024-03-29T16:02:38Zhttps://uir.unisa.ac.za/oai/requestoai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/201262016-10-12T14:54:59Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25com_10500_18562col_10500_3753col_10500_21690col_10500_18564
Does the regulation of the insurance industry have a pernicious effect on innovation by the sector in South Africa?
Sibindi, A.B.
Zingwevu, Elton
Financial Regulation,
Innovation
Pernicious
Compliance
Insurance
South Africa
Financial regulation could be a double edged sword in that despite its major thrust being that to secure the financial sector and bring about financial stability; it might have the unintended consequence of stifling innovation by the sector. We investigate the nexus between financial regulation and innovation by specifically focusing on the insurance industry in South Africa. We demonstrate that there are plethora pieces of legislation that govern the insurance industry in South Africa. As such this has driven the cost of compliance to unsustainable levels thereby curtailing the spending by companies on innovation. We thus would like to caution the policy makers’ that this “heavy-touch” regulatory mode is having a pernicious effect on research and development by the insurance sector. As such we encourage them to embrace the “light-touch” regulatory mode whereby self-regulation and moral suasion are other avenues to be considered.
2016-04-19T09:13:59Z
2016-04-19T09:13:59Z
2016-04-19T09:13:59Z
2015
Article
Sibindi, A. B., & Zingwevu, E. (2015). Does the regulation of the insurance industry have a pernicious effect on innovation by the sector in South Africa?. journal of governance and regulation. 4(3), pp.96-106
2220-9352
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20126
en
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/200432016-10-12T15:05:32Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Towards developing guiding principles for managing operational risk appetite
Young, Jacobus
This study investigates the effect of two-tier board characteristics, audit committee, and external auditors on earnings management in China. This study contributes to the empirical literature of corporate governance in China that remarkably differs from the Anglo-Saxon structure in terms of boards’ features and auditing. Using a sample of 622 listed Chinese company-years, this study finds that independent directors on the board of directors are negatively related to earnings management while employee supervisors on the supervisory board are not related to earnings management. The results of empirical analysis also show that the presence of audit committees and the brand auditors are negatively associated with earnings management. Finally, the relationship between qualified audit opinions and the level of earnings management are examined. The results show that qualified audit opinion is associated with a higher level of earnings management. Implications of these findings are discussed with regard to the characteristics of corporate governance and auditing settings in Chinese listed companies. In particular, higher proportion of independent directors on the board can improve the quality of reported earnings. However, it indicates that the role of supervisory board to restrain earnings management is limited with the increase of employee members. In addition, the existence of an audit committee improves the quality of reported earnings. Moreover, external audit play a monitoring role in mitigating earnings management in Chinese listed companies
2016-03-15T13:30:52Z
2016-03-15T13:30:52Z
2016-03-15T13:30:52Z
2010
Article
Young, J. 2010. Towards developing guiding principles for managing operational risk appetite. Corporate Ownership & Control, Vol 8, Issue, pp. 176-187
1727-9232
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20043
en
Virtus Interpress
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/200452016-10-12T14:59:29Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
The use of Key Risk Indicators by banks as an operational risk management tool: A South African perspective
Young, Jacobus
Operational Risk, Key Risk Indicators, Quantitative and Qualitative Risk Management Criteria, Risk And Control Self-Assessments, Loss Event Database, Risk Appetite, Risk Thresholds, Early Warning, Risk Reporting
The use of key risk indicators as a management tool is one of the requirements for the calculation of a bank’s operational risk capital charge. This article provides insight into the use of key risk indicators as an operational risk management tool by South African banks and indicates their level of preparedness to comply with the criteria. The results of a questionnaire aimed at junior and middle management indicated that banks are not suitably prepared to implement a key risk indicator management process and have a general lack of understanding of the underlying theory and concept of the criteria to use key risk indicators. The advantages of using key risk indicators are not fully exploited and more benefits can be realised by raising awareness in this regard
2016-03-15T13:34:07Z
2016-03-15T13:34:07Z
2016-03-15T13:34:07Z
2012
Article
1727-9232
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20045
en
Young, J. 2012. The use of Key Risk Indicators by banks as an operational risk management tool: A South African perspective, Corporate Ownership & Control, vol. 9, issue 3, pp
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/299812023-06-13T09:18:25Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Public private partnerships and water and sanitation infrastructure development in Zimbabwe: what determines financing?
Mundonde, Justice
Makoni, Patricia L.
Abstract
Background
Zimbabwe envisions being an upper-middle-income economy by the year 2030. The vision 2030 has infrastructure development as a stand-out pillar upon which it is founded. The vision envisages well-developed, modern, efficient and resilient infrastructure as paramount to Zimbabwe’s economic recovery. The policy plan seeks to increase infrastructure investments in energy, transport, information technology, tourism, housing, and water and sanitation. However, a still hesitant private sector exists with regard to investment in water and sanitation infrastructure even in developed countries. Thus, the study seeks to analyse determinants of financing water and sanitation public private partnerships in Zimbabwe given that there is no consensus between reseachers on how determinant factors impact PPP investments.
Methods
The study applied Tobit regression methodology on data collected for the 25 years ending 2021 to investigate determinants of financing water sanitation PPPs in Zimbabwe. Tobit regression method is preferred given the censored nature of the investment values of water and sanitation public private partnerships that reached financial closure in Zimbabwe.
Results
In Zimbabwe, financial market development is a key financing determinant of water and sanitation public private partnerships. Both the capital and bank market development influences infrastructure financing in Zimbabwe`s water and sanitation sector. Moreover, foreign direct investment negatively and significantly relates with water and sanitation public private partnership investments.
Conclusion
Attracting private investment into Zimbabwe`s water and sanitation sector requires that policy design targets capital and bank market development. Reforms can be achieved through putting in place sound frameworks that facilitate effective financial intermediation systems, enhance market liquidity and lower cost of capital.
2023-05-01T03:12:10Z
2023-05-01T03:12:10Z
2023-05-01T03:12:10Z
2023-04-28
Journal Article
Environmental Systems Research. 2023 Apr 28;12(1):14
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40068-023-00295-7
https://hdl.handle.net/10500/29981
en
The Author(s)
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/299382023-04-06T11:38:11Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Factorial structure of the Community of Inquiry Survey in a South African open and distance e-learning environment
Maré, Sune
Mutezo, Ashley Teedzwi
cognitive and social presence
community of inquiry
student engagement
teaching presence
We aimed to determine the factor structure and reliability for the Community of Inquiry Survey in a South African Open and Distance e-Learning Environment. Participants were 572 honours students. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to determine the factorial structures. Structural equation modelling yielded a three-factor structure including perceptions of teaching, social, and cognitive presence. The reliability of scores for the total scale was 0.96. The three-factor structures of the Community of Inquiry Survey had a high internal consistency ranking from 0.90 to 0.95. The Community of Inquiry Survey appears valid for student advisement and support in the South African distance learning environment.
2023-04-06T11:38:11Z
2023-04-06T11:38:11Z
2023-04-06T11:38:11Z
2022-05-03
Article
Ashley Mutezo & Sune Maré (2022) Factorial structure of the Community of Inquiry Survey in a South African open and distance e-learning environment, Journal of Psychology in Africa, 32:2, 129-135, DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2022.2028081
Print ISSN: 1433-0237
Online ISSN: 1815-5626
https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2022.2028081
https://hdl.handle.net/10500/29938
en
Taylor & Francis
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/42032016-12-21T09:59:02Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Banking lending business cycles : South African evidence
Akinboade, Oludele Akinloye
Makina, Daniel
Banking
Business cycles
Bank lending
The paper provides empirical analysis on the linkage between
the behavior of bank lending and business cycles in South Africa. Consistent
with theory, overall evidence suggesting pro-cyclicality of bank lending is
uncovered both at macro and micro levels. At macro level, bank lending and
lending rates have moved in tandem with business cycles. Real borrowing by
government was counter-cyclical to business cycles as would be expected
if the role of government was to fine-tune the economy during booms
and recessions. At micro level, bank lending to households and firms was
generally pro-cyclical. Even the growth of provisioning by banks has been
largely pro-cyclical to business cycles, though exceptions were recorded.
First, newmortgage lending exhibited counter-cyclical behavior before 1993.
We attributed this behavior to the political and economic climate prevailing
then which created uncertainties that made ownership of property a good
hedge against economic and political risks. Secondly, the growth of real
credit for investment and of foreign trade finance does not appear to have
been related to business cycles.
2011-05-19T08:31:00Z
2011-05-19T08:31:00Z
2011-05-19T08:31:00Z
2009
Article
Akinboade, OA & Makina, D 2009, 'Banking lending business cycles : South African evidence', African Development Review, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 476-498.
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/4203
en
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/200812016-10-12T14:57:54Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Remittances, financial development and economic growth: empirical evidence from Lesotho
Sibindi, A.B.
Remittances
Financial Development
Economic growth
Granger Causality
Lesotho
Increasingly remittances now constitute a great source of foreign currency inflows for many developing countries. In some instances remittances have outpaced the growth of foreign direct investment (FDI). Amongst others, remittances can be used as a vehicle of savings mobilisation as well as fostering the supply of credit by providing liquidity to the market. In this article we investigate the causal relationship between the remittances, financial development and economic growth in Lesotho for the period 1975 to 2010. We make use of per capita remittances, real per capita broad money supply and real per capita growth domestic product as the proxies for remittances, financial development and economic growth respectively. We then test for cointegration amongst the variables by applying the Johansen procedure and then test for Granger causality based on the vector error correction model (VECM). Our results confirm the existence of at least one cointegrating relationship and also indicate that the direction of causality runs from remittances to the economy without feedback. The results also suggest that financial development Granger causes economic growth without feedback which is consistent with ‘supply-leading’ growth hypothesis. The results also confirm a causal relationship running from financial development to remittances without feedback. The results also lend credence to the “complementarity’ hypothesis in that, remittances complement rather than substitute financial development in bringing about economic growth.
2016-04-07T08:18:51Z
2016-04-07T08:18:51Z
2016-04-07T08:18:51Z
2014
Article
Sibindi, A.B. (2014) "Remittances, financial development and economic growth: empirical evidence from Lesotho” journal of governance and regulation, 3(4), pp. 116-124
2220-9352
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20081
en
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/265582020-07-20T13:21:19Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Determinants for a Risk-Based Audit of an Operational Risk Management Framework:: A South African Perspective
Young, Jacobus
Risk Lines of Defense
Risk-Based Audit
Risk Management
Operational Risk Management Framework
Risk Governance
Risk Culture
Risk Management Process
Risk Identification
Risk Assessment
Risk Controls
Risk Monitoring
Risk Management Strategy
Risk Structure
Many organisations are suffering losses due to ineffective risk management and audit
functions. Based on the principles of the three lines of defence, it is clear that the functions of risk management and internal audit should be separated. The concept of a risk-based audit is currently evolving in such a way to ensure that organisations experience the maximum benefits of each function in a mutually exclusive way. A literature review was used to identify criteria to clarify the roles and responsibilities of each function and to serve as a platform to identify determinants for a risk-based audit approach of an operational risk management framework, which emphasises the primary role of internal audit, namely to provide management with the assurance that risks are being managed according to approved policies and procedures. Descriptive analysis of the response of a survey confirmed the importance of the determinants and indicated the current applicability thereof in various organisations.
2020-07-20T13:21:17Z
2020-07-20T13:21:17Z
2020-07-20T13:21:17Z
2020
Article
Young, J. 2020. Determinants for a Risk-Based Audit of an Operational Risk Management Framework:: A South African Perspective.Academy of Accounting and Financial Studies Journal, 24 (2): 1-19
1528-2635
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26558
en
Academy of Accounting and Financial Studies Journal
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/200522016-10-12T14:58:01Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
The effect of procurement strategies of milling companies on the price of maize
Young, Jacobus
Rossouw, M.W.
Price-Risk, Futures Contracts, Options Contracts, Momentum Strategy, Maximum Price Strategy, Indexed Strangle Strategy
Since ultra-poor South Africans spend up to a fifth of their income on maize alone, the demand for this commodity is price-inelastic, i.e. consumers have no choice but to absorb price increases. As such the success of procurement strategies from milling companies will ultimately have a direct impact on the financial well-being of the poor. Even though derivative instruments are available to use as counter against market fluctuations, the price risk management success of groups with a concern on SAFEX suggests that this is not achieved as yet, ultimately to the detriment of consumers. The view exists that markets are efficient and the return offered by the futures exchange cannot consistently be outperformed. This paper argues the exact opposite, since the use of the proposed futures/options strategies result in returns superior to that of the market.
2016-03-22T12:54:31Z
2016-03-22T12:54:31Z
2016-03-22T12:54:31Z
2009
Article
Young, J. & Rossouw. 2009. The effect of procurement strategies of milling companies on the price of maize'. Corporate Ownership & Control, vol 9, issue 3, pp. 147-157
1727-9232
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20052
en
Virtus Interpress
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/299392023-04-06T11:44:38Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Managerial ownership, board gender diversity, occupational health, and safety risk management in an emerging economy
Mutezo, Ashley Teedzwi
Chikosi, Luke Charles
Corporate Governance
Managerial Ownership
Board Gender Diversity
Total Asset Value
Total Employees
The prevalence of occupational health and safety (OHS) risks among mining firms points to inadequate corporate governance (CG) mechanisms (Baxter, 2016). The purpose of this study is to bridge the existing research gap by examining the impact of women on corporate boards and managerial ownership (MO) on occupational health safety risk management performance incorporating firm size moderating variables panel data from the Johannesburg Securities Exchange (JSE) of thirty (30) purposively sampled mining firms for the period 2002–2018. To the best of our knowledge, the study is one of the first pragmatic investigations of the impact of women on corporate boards, and managerial ownership on OHS risk management performance in the South African mining sector. A multivariate regression analysis based on quantitative secondary panel data confirmed a positive impact of managerial ownership, and board gender diversity on the OHS risk management performance of mining firms in South Africa. The study has practical implications for the existing body of knowledge, academics, regulators as well as mining firms’ corporate governance bodies in South Africa, which recommend that current regulatory bodies need to implement effective and sound strategies that may considerably improve the mitigation of OHS risks to attain the “zero harm” milestone by December 2024.
2023-04-06T11:44:37Z
2023-04-06T11:44:37Z
2023-04-06T11:44:37Z
2023-03-02
Article
Chikosi, L. C., & Mutezo, A. T. (2023). Managerial ownership, board gender diversity, occupational health, and safety risk management in an emerging economy [Special issue]. Journal of Governance & Regulation, 12(1), 230–241. https://doi.org/10.22495/jgrv12i1siart3
Online: 2306-6784
Print: 2220-9352
https://doi.org/10.22495/jgrv12i1siart3
https://hdl.handle.net/10500/29939
en
Virtus Interpress
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/201212016-10-12T14:57:12Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
The reasons for investing offshore: a South African perspective
Godi, Ntwanano Jethro
Sibindi, A.B.
Risk
Reasons
Investors
Offshore Investments
Foreign Market
Investment Pitfalls
Diversification
The value growth of some domestic investments have far exceeded that of offshore investments in recent years, which has led to some investors asking this question: What is the point of investing offshore? The long-term case for diversifying offshore seems to remain powerful even though the domestic currency might strengthen. Investing in multi-currency vehicles that diversify offshore risks across a range of currencies could be vital for offshore investors. As such, this paper aims to identify and rank in order of importance the reasons why South African investors invest in foreign countries. This paper will be based on a literature review as well as views and experiences of South African investment brokers registered with the Financial Services Board.
2016-04-19T08:07:04Z
2016-04-19T08:07:04Z
2016-04-19T08:07:04Z
2014
Article
Godi, N.J. & Sibindi, A.B. (2014). The reasons for investing offshore: a South African perspective. Journal of corporate ownership & control,11(4) , pp. 489-498.
1727-9232
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20121
en
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/203042016-12-22T06:16:09Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Preparedness of Banks to be compliant with the criteria for the Advanced Measurement Approach: A South African perspective
Young, Jacobus
Operational Risk, Capital Allocation, Risk Management Principles, Advanced Measurement Approach, Regulatory Capital, Quantitative and Qualitative Risk Management Criteria
The New Basel Accord proposed qualitative and quantitative criteria for banks to use the Advanced Measurement Approach to calculate a capital charge for operational risk. The question now is how prepared are banks in South Africa? This article provides insight into relevant criteria, indicating the level of preparedness of banks for the Advanced Measurement Approach. An analysis based on results of a questionnaire, aimed at junior and middle management levels, indicated that banks are more compliant with qualitative than quantitative criteria. It also indicated a general lack of understanding of certain criteria. Should a bank want to implement the Advanced Measurement Approach, it is imperative that criteria be clear and that all role-players be knowledgeable about relevant systems and processes.
2016-06-02T07:39:53Z
2016-06-02T07:39:53Z
2016-06-02T07:39:53Z
2011
Article
Young, J. 2011. Preparedness of Banks to be compliant with the criteria for the Advanced Measurement Approach: A South African perspective, Corporate Ownership & Control, vol 8, issue 3, pp.
1727-9232
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20304
en
Virtus Interpress
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/201202016-10-12T14:57:17Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Banking sector development and economic growth: evidence from Zimbabwe
Sibindi, A.B.
Bimha, Alfred
banking sector development,
economic growth,
Zimbabwe,
Granger causality.
In this study the causality relationship of banking sector development and economic growth in Zimbabwe is investigated. The jagged performance of the Zimbabwean economy presents an interest in unravelling the state of banking development in a stunted economic growth state. Prior to 1991 the Zimbabwean financial sector went through years of financial repression and then after 1991 a raft of financial liberalization strategies were implemented. Around 2004 the financial sector was hit by numerous corporate governance scandals which led to a reintroduction of stricter financial regulations. In the same vein Zimbabwe has experienced a rapid decline in its economic growth in the past two decades. With this background, this study investigated the causal relationship between banking sector development and economic growth by testing for Granger causality based on a vector error correction model. The proxies used for banking development sector are real broad money (M2) to real GDP ratio denoted by YM2 and the real domestic credit to real GDP ratio represented by YCRED. More so, the proxies used for economic growth are absolute values of real gross domestic product (RGDP), real domestic credit (RCRED) and real broad money (RM2) as proxies for financial intermediary development as well. The study established a long-run relationship between economic growth and banking sector development. Therefore, economic growth spurs banking sector development in Zimbabwe. This is consistent with the “demand following” finance-growth hypothesis.
2016-04-19T07:58:50Z
2016-04-19T07:58:50Z
2016-04-19T07:58:50Z
2014
Article
Sibindi, A.B & Bimha, A. (2014). Banking sector development and economic growth: evidence from zimbabwe. Journal of banks and bank systems, 9(2), pp. 51-58
1816-7403
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20120
en
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/270862023-03-31T07:05:08Zcom_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_21690col_10500_25229
Financial intermediation and poverty nexus: evidence from selected developing countries
Magwedere, Margaret Rutendo
Poverty, inequality, financial intermediation, financial efficiency, financial access, financial stability, cointegration, causality
The study examined the relationship between financial intermediation and poverty in
selected developing countries. In particular the study sought to examine the
deterministic relationship, cointegration and the causality between financial
intermediation and poverty. Panel data spanning the period 2004-2016 for 35
developing countries was employed. Substantial empirical research proposed that
financial development expands economic prospects and reduces poverty and
inequality. Hitherto, there is a dearth of empirical studies on the potential effects of
formal financial dimensions of financial access, financial efficiency and financial
stability in reducing poverty. There is also a lack of empirical work on the joint effect
of the other financial dimensions in a financial intermediation setting in poverty
reduction. The present study contributed to literature by including these financial
dimensions in examining cointegration and causality between financial dimensions
and poverty. The study employed a number of econometric methodologies to address
the objectives of the research such as the GMM, panel ARDL and panel ECM. The
GMM was employed to examine the determinants of poverty that were selected for
this study. To examine the long run, short run and the causal relationship, the panel
ARDL and the error correction model were used. In addition the study deployed PCA
to develop the composite index for institutional quality. Panel heterogenous estimation
methods such as the pooled mean group to infer the cointegration and causal effect
between the financial dimensions and poverty were employed. The Hausman test was
used to determine the most appropriate estimator and the PMG estimator was
selected as the most appropriate since the p-value of the Hausman test was
insignificant. The results from panel ARDL, cointegration test showed the existence of
a long run relationship between financial intermediation, financial access, financial
efficiency, financial access and poverty. Furthermore, the study noted that the
relationship between financial intermediation and poverty differ depending on how
poverty is measured. Therefore, the distortions in understanding and definition of
poverty may consequently lead to distorted policies that yield little or no results for the
effectiveness of the financial sector in poverty reduction.The study found strong
causality in the long run for all the poverty proxies and the selected financial variables.
Additionally the results from the panel causality tests indicate the bidirectional
causality of the variables in the long run. We fail to observe the causality among most
iii
of the variables in the short run. There is strong joint causality among the variables in
the panel as the results of the error correction term is negative and significant
indicating that there is dynamic stability between the financial variables and poverty.
The study further included the domestic public debt and remittances as determinants
of poverty in a financial intermediation setting. Since domestic public debt can crowd
out private credit, this study included domestic public debt for the panel of the
developing countries and the study found that domestic public debt has a poverty
reducing effect. Additionally the study found that remittances reduce the share of
population living in poverty whilst increasing inequality as indicated in the findings of
the study.
2021-02-11T09:56:19Z
2021-02-11T09:56:19Z
2021-02-11T09:56:19Z
2019-07
Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/27086
en
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/237682019-04-18T10:56:43Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Assessment of debt counselling services: a case of Gauteng, South Africa.
Masilo, K.M.
Marx, Johan
Personal financial management
Financial well-being
Over-indebtedness
Debt counselling
Gauteng
The high level of over-indebtedness in Gauteng is cause for concern. The number of consumers applying for debt counselling as well as the registered debt counsellors is increasing. The study on which this article reports aimed at exploring and describing the role of debt counselling in terms of personal financial well-being of consumers in Gauteng. Fifteen debt counsellors were interviewed and 300 consumers were surveyed. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics. There was no evidence that consumers who received debt counselling improved in their financial standing. It was observed that
both debt counsellors and consumers lacked financial management skills. It was concluded that, while debt counselling is important, it does not necessarily improve the financial well-being of consumers.
It is recommended that financial management skills should serve as a pre-requisite for debt counselling registration and consumers be introduced to personal financial management education at an early stage of their lives
2018-04-12T13:14:42Z
2018-04-12T13:14:42Z
2018-04-12T13:14:42Z
2016
Article
Masilo, KM & Marx, J. 2016. Assessment of debt counselling services: a case of Gauteng, South Africa. Journal of Economic and Financial Sciences, 9 (1): 194-208
1995-7076
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/23768
en
AOSIS
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/283042022-03-17T12:18:00Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
The nexus between bond liquidity, stock liquidity and foreign portfolio investment
Makoni, Patricia Lindelwa
Marozva, Godfrey
liquidity
illiquidity
bond market liquidity
stock market liquidity
foreign portfolio investment
emerging markets
The purpose of this article was to assess the impact of financial market liquidity on international capital flows in emerging markets. Specifically, the research investigates the effect of bond market liquidity and stock market liquidity on foreign portfolio investments using data for five emerging African countries, being Egypt, Kenya, Mauritius, Nigeria and South Africa, for the period 2000 to 2020. The data was sourced from the Bloomberg and World Bank (WDI) databases. Panel data analysis (fixed effects model) was undertaken using three different liquidity measures: the effective spread; Amihud’s (2002) illiquidity measure; and market impact as measured by trading volume. Our findings revealed mixed results. It was found that stock market liquidity attracted foreign portfolio investments. Although bond market liquidity, as measured by the volume of trade, promoted foreign portfolio investment, it was different for the effective spread, as the higher the effective spread, the higher the inward FPI flows, and vice versa. Results on the effects of the bond effective spread on FPI show that as long as the bonds are above the investable grade, investors are not discouraged by the cost of trading. Our findings thus confirm that FPI inflows are predisposed on liquid and efficient host country financial markets. Further, the entrance of foreign investors in the host country’s domestic financial markets, leads to the enhancing of liquidity in the local market, thus increasing risk sharing between local and foreign investors.
2021-11-24T08:13:02Z
2021-11-24T08:13:02Z
2021-11-24T08:13:02Z
2021-09
Article
Marozva, G. and Makoni, P. L. (2021). The nexus between bond liquidity, stock liquidity and foreign portfolio investment. International Journal of Finance & Banking Studies, 10 (3), 92-103. https://www.ssbfnet.com/ojs/index.php/ijfbs/article/view/1348/977
2147-4486
https://hdl.handle.net/10500/28304
en
SSBFNET
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/283052021-11-24T08:41:01Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Novice doctoral supervision in South Africa: an autoethnographic approach
Makoni, Patricia Lindelwa
novice
doctoral supervision
university
autoethnography
South Africa
narrative analysis
This paper presents an autoethnographic, narrative analysis through self-reflection of my own personal transition from doctoral student to doctoral supervisor. An evaluation of the importance of the PhD in South Africa, the role of doctoral supervisors, and characteristics of good supervisors was undertaken; against which my personal experience was assessed. This paper was important in challenging whether institutions of higher learning in the country are adequately preparing young academics to become independent, effective doctoral supervisors. Some of my recommendations include the need for universities to come up with PhD supervision development programmes, as well as to consider alternative supervision models so as to facilitate mentorship of new doctoral supervisors, to ensure the attainment of PhD standards. The limitations of this paper are that, the researcher and subject, are one and the same person, hence there may be concerns of objectivity.
2021-11-24T08:13:23Z
2021-11-24T08:13:23Z
2021-11-24T08:13:23Z
2021-10-29
Article
Makoni, P. L. (2021). Novice doctoral supervision in South Africa: an autoethnographic approach. International Journal of Higher Education, 11 (2), 135-142. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v11n2p135
1927-6052
https://hdl.handle.net/10500/28305
en
Sciedu Press
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/200802016-10-12T14:57:58Zcom_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_21690
Effectiveness of the National Credit Act of South Africa in reducing household debt: A Johansen cointegration and vecm analysis
Bimha, Alfred
National Credit Act
VECM
South Africa
Household Debt
Reckless lending
The rise in unsecured lending has cast doubt on the effectiveness of the National Credit Act in South Africa. Reckless lending was seen rising since 2006 and plateauing in 2009. Could this be evidence of the effectiveness of the National Credit Act (NCA) curbing reckless lending household debts? This study embarks on finding whether reckless lending was present in the Pre-NCA period running from 1994 to the end of 2nd quarter of 2007 when the NCA was enacted. Further in this study, the effectiveness of NCA in curbing reckless lending in the Post-NCA period starting from the 3rd quarter of 2007 to the 2nd quarter of 2014. Using the Johansen Cointegration analysis and Vector Error Correction Model, long run and short run Granger causality tests are done with the household debt as a dependent and debt service coverage ratio, household debt to disposable income ratio and disposable income as independents. The results from the tests done provide convincing evidence that reckless lending indeed was present in the Pre-NCA period and there is evidence showing the curbing of reckless lending in the Post-NCA period.
2016-04-07T07:36:19Z
2016-04-07T07:36:19Z
2016-04-07T07:36:19Z
2014
Article
Bimha, A (2014). Effectiveness of the National Credit Act of South Africa in reducing household debt: A Johansen cointegration and vecm analysis. Journal of Governance and Regulation. 3(4). 159- 172
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20080
en
Journal of Governance and Regulation
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/200192018-11-17T13:03:59Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25com_10500_18562col_10500_3753col_10500_21690col_10500_18564
Corporate governance and risk management: a South African perspective
Young, Jacobus
Corporate governance, Risk management, Code of ethics, Risk culture, Transparency,
A code of governance is crucial for any emerging country as it endeavours to provide a sound management framework and principles. Corporate governance and risk management are fairly new management concepts, but are becoming important management disciplines for the public and private sectors in South Africa. The aim of this paper is to provide insight into corporate governance and risk management from a South African perspective. South Africa is regarded as one of the more advanced countries in Africa, although still an emerging country with huge development potentials. However, should corporate governance and risk management principles be lacking and not adequately developed and implemented, the fore mentioned potential will be nullified and could negatively affect the economic growth and well - being of the country.
2016-03-08T12:13:37Z
2016-03-08T12:13:37Z
2016-03-08T12:13:37Z
2010
Article
Young, J, 2010. Corporate governance and risk management: a South African perspective. Corporate Ownership & Control, Vol 7, Issue 4, pp138-148
1727-9232
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20019
en
Virtus Interpress
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/200412016-10-12T15:06:10Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Practical Guidelines to Formulate an Operational Risk Appetite Statement for Corporate Organisations A South African Perspective.
Young, Jacobus
Risk Appetite, Risk Tolerance, Operational Risk, Key Risk Indicators, Risk And Control Self-Assessments, Scenarios, Loss History, Risk Control, Risk Appetite Statement, Business Strategy, Risk Exposures, Qualitative Statement, Quantitative Statements, Zero Tolerance, Risk Thresholds, Economic Capital
Risk appetite is currently a much debated topic and a new concept being researched and implemented by various large organisations. However, currently there seems to be much confusion on this topic in terms of an overall risk appetite statement. Uncertainty exists, for example, if there must be a statement for each primary risk type the organisation faces, or should there be an overall risk appetite statement for the organisation? This article approaches a risk appetite statement from an operational risk perspective, which could serve as a platform for other risk types. Therefore, the significance of this research aims to provide guidelines to corporate organisations during the setting of a realistic operational risk appetite statement that could add value during the pursuance of business objectives within the approved tolerance levels.
2016-03-15T13:23:59Z
2016-03-15T13:23:59Z
2016-03-15T13:23:59Z
2014
Article
Young, J. 2013. Practical Guidelines to Formulate an Operational Risk Appetite Statement for Corporate Organisations A South African Perspective, Corporate Ownership & Control, vol 12, issue 1, pp. 46-63
1727-9232
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20041
en
Virtus Interpress
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/128302019-04-19T01:00:28Zcom_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_21690
Incident risk management: the case of banks in East and West Africa
Mynhardt R.H.
Marx, Johan
Banks
Crisis Management
Economic Crisis
Incident Management
Incident Management Framework
Policies, Response Strategies
Risk Management
Response Strategies
An incident is the occurrence of a seemingly minor event, which is important enough that, if not properly managed, can lead to serious consequences. In contrast, a crisis is a stage in a series of events that significantly determines the direction of all future events. Following the much-publicized financial crises around the world, research was conducted amongst banks in East and West Africa to establish whether these banks are actively managing their incidents and crises. The study on which this article is based found that little was being done with regard to managing incidents. It was concluded that banks need assistance to prevent incidents turning into crises. A specific incident management framework is recommended that when implemented could reduce the risk of incidents becoming crises.
2013-11-27T12:18:44Z
2013-11-27T12:18:44Z
2013-11-27T12:18:44Z
2012
Marx, J., & Mynhardt, R. H. (2012). Incident risk management: The case of banks in east and West Africa. Corporate Ownership & Control, 9(3-2), 254-261
1727-9232
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/12830
http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv9i3c2art3
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/200442016-10-12T14:59:44Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Guiding criteria for operational risk reporting in a corporate environment
Young, Jacobus
Integrated Risk Reporting, Risk Reporting, Risk Control, Risk Communication, Operational Risk Management, Key Risk Indicators, Risk Incidents, Risk Identification, Risk Assessment, Risk Information, Residual Risk, Inherent Risk, Risk Owner
Risk reporting is most probably one of the most important components of a risk management process. Operational risk reporting, in many organisations, is not developed to such a degree that it will add value to the organisation and is mostly based on regulatory requirements. This means that risk reports mostly aim to comply with regulations rather than add value in terms of providing useful information to ensure effective decision-making. Within this context, this research aims to develop guidelines for operational risk reporting which will be based on a comprehensive literature review of operational risk to determine criteria which can serve as guidelines for effective risk reporting. The criteria will be subject to an empirical analysis by means of an anonymous questionnaire completed by experienced managers in a corporate environment. The data will be analysed in terms of descriptive statistical analysis in order to confirm the applicability of the criteria in terms of operational risk reporting. The information will be used to compile a prioritised list of criteria which could serve as a guideline to corporate organisations during operational risk reporting.
2016-03-15T13:33:01Z
2016-03-15T13:33:01Z
2016-03-15T13:33:01Z
2015
Article
Young, J. 2015. Guiding criteria for operational risk reporting in a corporate environment, Corporate Ownership & Control, vol. 13, issue 1
1727-9232
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20044
en
Virtus Interpress
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/196212019-04-18T11:04:16Zcom_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_21690
A proposed checklist for assessing Master’s and Doctoral research proposals
Marx, Johan
M & D Doctoral research proposals
The study confirmed that most chairs of departments (CODs) in the College of
Economic and Management Sciences (CEMS) regard Master’s and doctoral (M and
D) throughput rates as poor. A proposed checklist for assessing M and D research
proposals is advanced. The aim of the research was to establish if a proposed
checklist may contribute to improved throughput rates. Inconsistent assessment
criteria are used to assess the research proposals of M and D students. Structured
interviews with CODs revealed that most departments are using criteria based on
previous experience to assess M and D research proposals. These criteria have not
been documented. The proposed checklist is regarded by CODs as being potentially
valuable for assessing M and D proposals, but they are less optimistic that it could
lead to improved throughput rates. The proposed checklist may nevertheless assist
prospective M and D students to plan their research in a way that will avoid critical
problems. Academic departments should consider testing the proposed checklist for
its potential contribution to improve M and D throughput.
2015-10-22T12:04:15Z
2015-10-22T12:04:15Z
2015-10-22T12:04:15Z
2011
Article
Marx, J. (2011). A proposed checklist for assessing Master’s and Doctoral research proposals. Progressio, 33 (2):30-50
0256-8853
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/19621
en
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/288192022-05-24T11:04:05Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Effect of market‑driven strategies on the competitive growth of SMEs in Lesotho
Amadasun, Donald
Mutezo, Ashley Teedzwi
Competitive growth
Market-driven strategies
Market orientation
Competitive intensity
Technological dynamics
Small and medium-sized enterprises
This paper established some market-driven strategies that influence the competitive
growth of small and medium-sized enterprises in Lesotho. The paper identified the
following factors; market orientation, competitive intensity, and technological dynamics
as variables that influence SMEs’ competitive growth. The investigation shows that
these critical factors of market-driven strategies are significant market facets in the
enterprise that could capacitate SME entrepreneurs and managers to attain competitive
growth. The results indicated that the factors used to measure market-driven
strategies influence SMEs competitive growth. More specifically, the independent
variables of market orientation, competitive intensity and technological dynamics are
seen as key tenets of market-driven strategies that influence small and medium-sized
enterprises’ competitive growth. From the analyses, this paper recommended that
market-driven strategic constructs of market orientation, competitive intensity and
technological dynamics are inimitable and tangible significant resources if harnessed in
the enterprises, could serve as critical operational factors that influence SMEs competitive
growth in Lesotho.
2022-05-11T07:05:14Z
2022-05-11T07:05:14Z
2022-05-11T07:05:14Z
2022
Article
Amadasun, Donald O.E. and Mutezo, Ashley T. 2022. Effect of market‑driven strategies on the competitive growth of SMEs in Lesotho.Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 11:1-17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-022-00217-4
2192-5372
https://hdl.handle.net/10500/28819
en
Springer
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/201222016-10-12T14:56:32Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Corporate Governance Practices of the Insurance Industry in South Africa
Sibindi, A.B.
Corporate Governance,
Insurance Companies,
Regulation
Internal Control,
South Africa
The insurance sector plays a critical role in any economy by its very mechanism of risk transfer and savings mobilisation. It thus performs a critical role in intermediation by fostering the liquidity of the financial markets. This in turn ensures that capital is transferred from surplus units to deficient units of the economy who are in need of funds for the undertaking of capital projects and thereby spurring productivity. In the aftermath of the 2007 to 2009 financial crisis the insurance industry image was tainted. As such, the observance of good corporate governance tenets has now more than ever before become quintessential and also a prescription by regulators. The purpose of this paper is to explore the corporate governance practices (both internal control as well as regulatory measures) that are prevalent in the South African Insurance industry. This paper utilised qualitative research methods and lend itself to document analysis of company reports that the insurance companies submit, as well as the Acts and industry codes that governs the insurance industry in South Africa. The Atlas.ti software was used to analyse the documents. We find evidence that insurers are at various stages of embedding good corporate governance practices. In the aftermath of the financial crisis, the insurance companies by and large have strengthened their internal control systems. They have also complied with regulatory directives and are grappling with the implementation of Treating Customers Fairly (TCF) as well as Solvency Assessment Measurement (SAM) which are market conduct and prudential regulations respectively. Further they also subscribe to the King I, King II and King III frameworks of corporate governance. However we wish to caution against “over regulating” this sector as this could stifle innovation.
2016-04-19T08:13:35Z
2016-04-19T08:13:35Z
2016-04-19T08:13:35Z
2015
Article
Sibindi, A. B. (2015). Corporate Governance Practices of the Insurance Industry in South Africa. Corporate Ownership & Control, 12(2), pp.426-434
1727-9232
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20122
en
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/201302016-10-12T14:57:26Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Is compulsory third party motor insurance the panacea for the south african insurance industry
Zingwevu, Elton
Sibindi, A.B.
Compulsory
Motor insurance,
Third Party,
Liability
South Africa
Compulsory motor insurance schemes have gained prominence over the years as a policy prescription by governments in their quest to provide a safety net for the protection of consumers and insurers alike. By making as minimum, motor third party insurance compulsory, central government ensures that the burden of providing indemnity is removed from the fiscus and entrusted upon the insurance sector. This also proves to be mutually beneficial to the insurance companies as the risk pool is widened. Sadly South Africa does not have a fully-fledged motor third party compensation scheme but has a variant of such a scheme in the form of the Road Accident Fund. The limitations of this fund are that it only caters for motor third party liability for bodily injury or death and its limits of compensation are relatively low. In this article we demonstrate the need for policy makers in South Africa to reintroduce compulsory motor third party insurance in order to alleviate the burden of funding motor liability from the fiscus as well as to widen the risk pool of insurers.
2016-04-19T10:03:10Z
2016-04-19T10:03:10Z
2016-04-19T10:03:10Z
2014
Article
Zingwevu, E., & Sibindi, A. B. (2014). Is compulsory third party motor insurance the panacea for the south african insurance industry? corporate ownership & control, 11(4), pp. 657
1727-9232
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20130
en
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/283032021-11-24T08:10:45Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
FDI, Stock Market Development and Institutional Quality: An African Perspective
Makoni, Patricia Lindelwa
Makoni, Patricia Lindelwa
FDI
stock market development
institutional quality
Africa
foreign direct investment
This paper empirically sought to establish the existence of relationships between foreign direct investment, stock market development and institutional quality, respectively. The study adopted a multiple regression analysis, using a panel of nine African countries between 2009 and 2016. Using the random effects model, we find that the relationship between foreign direct investment and stock market development is positive and statistically significant. On the other hand, institutional quality reflected a negative effect on FDI inflows, implying that countries with low quality institutions would struggle to attract inward FDI. The policy implications are that host countries’ policy makers should eliminate or reduce any practices that deter foreign direct investments, such as capital controls and risk of expropriation (institutions), while simultaneously improving the domestic financial infrastructure and related regulations.
2021-11-24T08:10:44Z
2021-11-24T08:10:44Z
2021-11-24T08:10:44Z
2021-09-06
Article
Makoni, P. L. (2021). FDI, stock market development and institutional quality: an African perspective. International Journal of Financial Research, 12 (5), 141-150. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijfr.v12n5p141
1923-4031
https://hdl.handle.net/10500/28303
en
Sciedu Press
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/237692019-04-18T10:57:28Zcom_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_21690
Attracting foreign investment to Africa: the South African case.
Marx, Johan
Hough, J.
Foreign investment
South Africa
The authors of Unisa's Department Business Management surveyed a number of foreign missions to find out whether they consider South Africa to be an attractive investment prospect. Their responses are analysed in this article.
2018-04-12T13:14:58Z
2018-04-12T13:14:58Z
2018-04-12T13:14:58Z
1996
Article
Marx, J & Hough, J. 1996. Attracting foreign investment to Africa: the South African case. Africa Insight. Vol 2.
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/23769
en
1995-641X;
African Journals Online (AJOL)
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/201232016-10-12T14:56:23Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Life insurance, financial development and economic growth in south africa: an application of the autoregressive distributed lag mode
Sibindi, A.B.
Life Insurance,
Financial Development,
Economic growth,
Granger Causality,
ARDL
Bounds Test,
South Africa
The life insurance sector may contribute to economic growth by its very mechanism of savings mobilisation and thereby performing an intermediation role in the economy. This ensures that capital is provided to deficient units who are in need of capital to finance their working capital requirements and invest in technology thereby resulting in an increase in output. In this way, it could be argued that life insurance development spurs financial development. In this article we investigate the causal relationship between the life insurance sector, financial development and economic growth in South Africa for the period 1990 to 2012 by applying the ARDL bounds testing procedure. We make use of life insurance density as the proxy for life insurance development, real per capita growth domestic product as the proxy for economic growth and real broad money per capita as the proxy for financial development. We test for cointegration amongst the variables by applying the bounds test and then proceed to test for Granger causality based on the error correction model. Our results confirm that the variables are cointegrated and move in tandem to each other in the long-run. The results also indicate that the direction of causality runs from the economy to the life insurance sector in the short-run which is consistent with the “demand-following” insurance-growth hypothesis. There is also evidence of bidirectional Granger causality running from the economy to financial development and vice versa, both in the long-run and short-run. The results also reveal that life insurance complements financial development in bringing about economic growth further lending credence to the “complementarity”
2016-04-19T08:21:34Z
2016-04-19T08:21:34Z
2016-04-19T08:21:34Z
2014
Article
Sibindi, A.B. (2014) Life insurance, financial development and economic growth in South Africa: an application of the autoregressive distributed lag model. Journal of Risk Governance & Control: Financial Markets & Institutions, 4(4), pp. 81-90
2077-429X
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20123
en
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/200422016-10-12T15:05:36Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Risk Management for a Typical Petroleum, Oil & Gas Company in South Africa
Young, Jacobus
Risk Identification, Risk Evaluation, Risk Control, Risk Financing, Risk Appetite, Risk Monitoring
Risk management is becoming an important management discipline for most organisations including petroleum, oil and gas companies. However, before risks can actually be managed, it is imperative to ensure that a risk management framework is embedded. This research aims to research the general approach to a risk management process for a typical petroleum, oil and gas company operating in the South African industry and to determine the primary risk types for such a company. The result of this research could serve as an awareness instrument for petroleum, oil and gas industries to support and establish an effective risk management process, while striving to achieve industry and economic objectives. Furthermore, to serve as a working platform for those companies that is still in early stages of developing a practical risk management solution.
2016-03-15T13:25:20Z
2016-03-15T13:25:20Z
2016-03-15T13:25:20Z
2009
Article
Young, J. 2009. Risk Management for a Typical Petroleum, Oil & Gas Company in South Africa. Corporate Ownership & Control, vol 6, issue 4, pp 346-356
1727-9232
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20042
en
Virtus Interpress
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/288212022-05-24T11:02:33Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
The effectiveness of e-tutoring in an open and distance e-learning environment: evidence from the University of South Africa
Mare, Sune
Mutezo, Ashley Teedzwi
Open and distance e-learning
E-tutors
E-tutoring
Student performance
Student support
Unisa has embraced the use of online learning and e-tutoring as a new
approach to teaching and learning in an ODeL environment.
According to the Community of Inquiry Theory, a learning community
is important to enhance the social, cognitive and teaching presences
for online learning to achieve student success. Online e-tutor and
student interaction could provide a learning community environment
that reduces the feeling of isolation and may improve student performance
at an ODeL institution. The aim of the study is to determine the
effectiveness of e-tutoring with regard to student performance in the
Department of Finance, Risk Management and Banking in order to
enhance student success. Two groups of students were tested; those
who participated on e-tutor sites and those who did not and data for
five modules were collected. Examination scores of participating and
non-participating students were statistically tested to determine
whether there were significant differences in performance between
the two groups. The results indicated that students who engaged on
e-tutor sites had performed better than those who did not, which
affirmed the effectiveness of e-tutoring as a student support programme
in the Department. The results should assist other ODeL
universities to enhance student support through active e-tutoring.
2022-05-11T07:07:36Z
2022-05-11T07:07:36Z
2022-05-11T07:07:36Z
2021
Article
Maré, Sune & Mutezo, Ashley T. 2021 The effectiveness of etutoring in an open and distance e-learning environment: evidence from the University of South Africa, Open Learning: The Journal of Open, Distance and e-Learning, 36:2, 164-180, DOI: 10.1080/02680513.2020.1717941
1469-9958
https://hdl.handle.net/10500/28821
en
Routledge Taylor and Francis
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/189822019-04-18T11:04:49Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Towards a unit standard for finance for non-financial managers
Marx, Johan
finance for non managers
This paper addresses the issue of whether the University of South Africa (Unisa) could offer a course in Finance for Non-financial Managers by distance education only, or whether such a course would have to use a blended learning approach.
The paper compares various Finance for Non-financial Managers courses offered in South Africa and reports on a survey of such courses. Based on the courses on offer, a questionnaire was developed. A web-based questionnaire was set up, and potential respondents were requested by e-mail to participate.
The respondents evaluated the relative importance of each of the topics covered by Finance for Non-financial Managers courses. The financing of a business (including the cost of capital) was regarded by respondents as less important than financial goals, working capital management, financial statements, financial analysis and time value of money.
The respondents' preferred format was face-to-face learning (at two-day workshops) rather than exclusively distance education. Accordingly, this paper recommends that Unisa should adopt a blended learning approach to successfully offer a course in Finance for Non-financial Managers. This would require a combination of distance education and face-to-face learning, as well as a combination of appropriate media and technologies.
Respondents regarded managers from operations / production, marketing and human resources as the three priority groups to attend such courses.
A unit standard for Finance for Non-financial Managers is proposed, and the possible use of a blended learning approach is considered and illustrated.
2015-08-24T09:38:25Z
2015-08-24T09:38:25Z
2015-08-24T09:38:25Z
2007
Article
Marx, J. (2007). Towards a unit standard for finance for non-financial managers. Southern African Business Review. 11(1): 167-184
1561-896X
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18982
en
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/201502016-10-12T14:53:37Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Exploring aspects of the water history of the Potchefstroom region and the local management of it
Annandale, Elrista
Nealer, Eric
Water history
Dolomite
Municipal water supply
Department of Water Affairs (DWA)
Water-transporting cement canal
Co-operative governance
Water resource management
It is by now common knowledge that South Africa is a water scarce country and that the correct public management of its potable water sources such as the transportation of it as well as the purification of the used water is of utmost importance. In the history of South Africa, the supply of potable water and basic sanitation services to all the inhabitants has never been higher on the national, provincial and especially the local government sphere agendas than since the end of April 1994. Even though the Mooi River valley area has always been described as water rich, it might in the near future be described as “water, water everywhere, but not a drop to drink”! The city of Potchefstroom gathers its potable water from surface- and groundwater in the Mooi River Catchment. The water is collected, stored and released from the Boskop Dam from where it is transported in a 12km long open-on-top cement canal to the water purification works of the City. In an ad hoc field visit by the authors, it was discovered that the water canal is broken and being polluted in a variety of ways before it reaches the
purification works. Improvement of this inefficient management situation is
also currently quite impossible seeing that the Department of Water Affairs’
workforce has declined to a mere 20 people to maintain the whole of the Mooi
River valley.The article starts off with a historical water related background of
Potchefstroom identifying some historical happenings and developments
of importance with reference to the development related to Potchefstroom
and especially the source and transport of its potable water. Thereafter the article highlights some important water resources related legislation, which
is obviously not being adhered to. Important role-players involved with the
public management of the potable water supply for the city residents of
Potchefstroom are furthermore identified. Lastly the way forward is addressed
and some recommendations on the improvement of the transport of the City’s
potable water through the dolomite underlain area are given.
2016-04-22T12:07:13Z
2016-04-22T12:07:13Z
2016-04-22T12:07:13Z
2001-11
Article
Annandale, E. and Nealer, E.J. Exploring aspects of the water history of the Potchefstroom region and the local management of it. New Contree,62. November 2011. 111-124
0379-9867
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20150
en
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/288202022-05-24T11:06:30Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
The Effect of Bank Liquidity and Unemployment on Bank Credit Risk
Marozva, Godfrey
Mutezo, Ashley Teedzwi
Credit risk
Liquidity risk
Unemployment
Panel data
GMM
Bank liquidity
The aim of this article is to investigate the impact of bank liquidity risk and unemployment on
credit risk in the South African banking sector. The panel data analysis approach is used, primarily employing
the dynamic generalized method of moments model to examine 12 Banks in South Africa from 2009 to 2019.
The results showed that credit risk is positively related to unemployment while, the relationship between
credit risk and bank liquidity is negative in line with theory. The findings in this article may enhance bank
policy formulation. Since credit and liquidity risk are a major source of risk that banks face especially in terms
of stringent regulatory oversight and policy debate, this paper contributes significantly in the methods that
central banks need to undertake to monitor and supervise the banking sector on liquidity and credit risks in
time of crisis. Furthermore, employment is one critical economic fundamental in developing or emerging
markets, the analysis of the nexus between employment and credit risk likewise provided important insights
especially in time were the world is facing the COVID-19 pandemic.
2022-05-11T07:07:00Z
2022-05-11T07:07:00Z
2022-05-11T07:07:00Z
2020
Article
Marozva, Godfrey and Mutezo, Ashley T. 2020. The Effect of Bank Liquidity and Unemployment on Bank Credit Risk. EuroEconomica, 3 (39): 73-81.
1582-8859
https://hdl.handle.net/10500/28820
en
Danubius University of Galati
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/287002022-04-12T11:58:21Zcom_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_21690
The effectiveness of e-tutoring in an open and distance e-learning environment: evidence from the university of south africa
Mutezo, Ashley
Mare, Sune
Open and distance e-learning
e-tutors
e-tutoring
student performance
student support
Unisa has embraced the use of online learning and e-tutoring as a new approach to teaching and learning in an ODeL environment. According to the Community of Inquiry Theory, a learning community is important to enhance the social, cognitive and teaching presences for online learning to achieve student success. Online e-tutor and student interaction could provide a learning community environment that reduces the feeling of isolation and may improve student performance at an ODeL institution. The aim of the study is to determine the effectiveness of e-tutoring with regard to student performance in the Department of Finance, Risk Management and Banking in order to enhance student success. Two groups of students were tested; those who participated on e-tutor sites and those who did not and data for five modules were collected. Examination scores of participating and non-participating students were statistically tested to determine whether there were significant differences in performance between the two groups. The results indicated that students who engaged on e-tutor sites had performed better than those who did not, which affirmed the effectiveness of e-tutoring as a student support programme in the Department. The results should assist other ODeL universities to enhance student support through active e-tutoring
2022-04-12T11:58:21Z
2022-04-12T11:58:21Z
2022-04-12T11:58:21Z
2021
Article
Suné Maré & Ashley Teedzwi Mutezo (2021) The effectiveness of etutoring in an open and distance e-learning environment: evidence from the university of south africa, Open Learning: The Journal of Open, Distance and e-Learning, 36:2, 164-180, https://doi.org/10.1080/02680513.2020.1717941
https://doi.org/10.1080/02680513.2020.1717941
https://hdl.handle.net/10500/28700
en
Open Learning: The Journal of Open, Distance and e-Learning;36(2)
36;36(2)
Taylor & Francis
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/200202016-10-12T15:06:25Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Effectiveness of the Management of Price Risk Methodologies for the Corn Market based on Trading Signals.
Rossouw, W
Young, Jacobus
Trading Signals, Price Risk, effectiveness, Corn Market
Corn production is scattered geographically over various continents, but most of it is grown in the United States. As such, the world price of corn futures contracts is largely dominated by North American corn prices as traded on the Chicago Board of Trade. In recent years, this market has been characterised by an increase in price volatility and magnitude of price movement as a result of decreasing stock levels. The development and implementation of an effective and successful derivative price risk management strategy based on the Chicago Board of Trade corn futures contract will therefore be of inestimable value to market stakeholders worldwide. The research focused on the efficient market hypothesis and the possibility of contesting this phenomenon through an application of a derivative price risk management methodology. The methodology is based on a combination of an analysis of market trends and technical oscillators with the objective of generating returns superior to that of a market benchmark. The study found that market participants are currently unable to exploit price movement in a manner which results in returns that contest the notion of efficient markets. The methodology proposed, however, does allow the user to consistently achieve returns superior to that of a predetermined market benchmark. The benchmark price for the purposes of this study was the average price offered by the market over the contract lifetime, and as such, the efficient market hypothesis was successfully contested
2016-03-08T13:27:53Z
2016-03-08T13:27:53Z
2016-03-08T13:27:53Z
2013
Article
Rossouw, W and Young J. 2013. Effectiveness of the Management of Price Risk Methodologies for the Corn Market based on Trading Signals, Risk Governance & Control: Financial Markets & Institutions, vol 3, issue 1, pp. 7-17
2077-429X
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20020
en
Virtus Interpress
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/200502016-10-12T14:59:04Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
The challenges facing banks in emerging countries to be Basel compliant for operational risk
Young, Jacobus
Operational Risk, Risk Assessments, Basel Accord, Incident Management, Risk Management Framework, Risk Profile, Risk Reporting, Risk Appetite, Risk Control, Capital Allocation
The New Basel Accord identified various requirements for an effective operational risk management framework. Most central banks and regulators adopted these requirements for their own banking environments. However, there are many challenges facing these banks to ensure the effective incorporation of such a framework. An end-result of establishing an operational risk management framework is to calculate and allocate a realistic capital charge for operational risk. To achieve this, various principles and methodologies must be embedded that will ensure a practical approach to operational risk management. This paper aims to identify certain critical issues and challenges for banks of emerging countries to consider when developing an operational risk management framework in order to comply with the Basel requirements.
2016-03-22T12:27:53Z
2016-03-22T12:27:53Z
2016-03-22T12:27:53Z
2008
Article
Young, J. 2008. Challenges facing banks in emerging countries to be Basel compliant for operational risk. Corporate Ownership & Control, vol 5, issue 3, pp. 284-290
1727-9232
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20050
en
Virtus Interpress
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/283022021-11-24T08:42:20Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Novice doctoral supervision in South Africa: an autoethnographic approach
Makoni, Patricia Lindelwa
novice
doctoral supervision
university
autoethnography
South Africa
narrative analysis
This paper presents an autoethnographic, narrative analysis through self-reflection of my own personal transition from doctoral student to doctoral supervisor. An evaluation of the importance of the PhD in South Africa, the role of doctoral supervisors, and characteristics of good supervisors was undertaken; against which my personal experience was assessed. This paper was important in challenging whether institutions of higher learning in the country are adequately preparing young academics to become independent, effective doctoral supervisors. Some of my recommendations include the need for universities to come up with PhD supervision development programmes, as well as to consider alternative supervision models so as to facilitate mentorship of new doctoral supervisors, to ensure the attainment of PhD standards. The limitations of this paper are that, the researcher and subject, are one and the same person, hence there may be concerns of objectivity.
2021-11-24T08:09:34Z
2021-11-24T08:09:34Z
2021-11-24T08:09:34Z
2021-10-29
Article
Makoni, P. L. (2021). Novice doctoral supervision in South Africa: an autoethnographic approach. International Journal of Higher Education, 11 (2), 135-142. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v11n2p135
1927-6052
https://doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v11n2p135
https://hdl.handle.net/10500/28302
en
Sciedu Press
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/201272016-10-12T14:54:11Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Insurance sector development and economic growth: evidence from south Africa.
Sibindi, A.B.
Godi, Ntwanano Jethro
Insurance Sector Development,
Economic growth,
Granger Causality,
South Africa
Arguably the insurance sector may contribute to economic growth by its very mechanism of risk transfer and thereby providing indemnity as well as by the intermediation role it plays in the economy. Insurance can also be used as a vehicle of savings mobilisation. In this article we investigate the causal relationship between the insurance sector (long-term, short-term and total insurance) and economic growth in South Africa for the period 1990 to 2012. We make use of insurance density as the proxy for insurance market development and real per capita growth domestic product as the proxy for economic growth. We then test for cointegration amongst the variables by applying the Johansen procedure and then test for Granger causality based on the vector error correction model (VECM). Our results confirm the existence of at least one cointegrating relationship and also indicate that the direction of causality runs from the economy to the long-term insurance, as well as from the economy to the total insurance sector. This is consistent with the ‘demand-following’ insurance-growth hypothesis.
2016-04-19T09:21:11Z
2016-04-19T09:21:11Z
2016-04-19T09:21:11Z
2014
Article
Sibindi, A.B. & Godi, N.J. (2014).Insurance sector development and economic growth: evidence from south Africa. Journal of corporate ownership & control,11(4) , pp. 530-538
1727-9232
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20127
en
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/200492016-10-12T14:59:11Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Risks to Consider when Investing Offshore
Godi, J
Young, Jacobus
Risks; Investors; Offshore Investments; Foreign Exchange; Market Risk, Exchange Rate
When investors engage in international business, transactions and operations, they encounter additional risks compared to trading domestically. Different languages, currencies, jurisdictions, customs and habits can be translated into extra informational asymmetries and transaction costs that may affect the smooth operation of business. Political transitions can also play an important role in the success of an offshore investment, especially in a world full of political uncertainty. As such, mitigating
offshore risks is a significant factor in the success of overseas projects, investments and contracts. As such, this paper aims to identify risks which investors are exposed to when investing offshore and ranking these risks in order of importance, based on a literature review as well as views and experiences of South African investment brokers registered with the Financial Services Board.
2016-03-22T12:27:07Z
2016-03-22T12:27:07Z
2016-03-22T12:27:07Z
2013-06
Article
Godi, J and Young, J. 2013. Risks to Consider when Investing Offshore, Corporate Ownership & Control, vol 11, issue 1, pp. 42-49.
1727-9232
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20049
en
Virtus Interpress
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/195882018-04-03T14:04:43Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Banking sector development and economic growth: evidence from Zimbabwe
Sibindi, A.B.
Bihma, Alfred
banking sector development
economic growth
Zimbabwe
Granger causality
In this study the causality relationship of banking sector development and economic growth in Zimbabwe is investigated. The jagged performance of the Zimbabwean economy presents an interest in unravelling the state of banking development in a stunted economic growth state. Prior to 1991 the Zimbabwean financial sector went through years of financial repression and then after 1991 a raft of financial liberalization strategies were implemented. Around 2004 the financial sector was hit by numerous corporate governance scandals which led to a reintroduction of stricter financial regulations. In the same vein Zimbabwe has experienced a rapid decline in its economic growth in the past two decades. With this background, this study investigated the causal relationship between banking sector development and economic growth by testing for Granger causality based on a vector error correction model. The proxies used for banking development sector are real broad money (M2) to real GDP ratio denoted by YM2 and the real domestic credit to real GDP ratio represented by YCRED. More so, the proxies used for economic growth are absolute values of real gross domestic product (RGDP), real domestic credit (RCRED) and real broad money (RM2) as proxies for financial intermediary development as well. The study established a long-run relationship between economic growth and banking sector development. Therefore, economic growth spurs banking sector development in Zimbabwe. This is consistent
with the “demand following” finance-growth hypothesis.
2015-10-20T09:12:22Z
2015-10-20T09:12:22Z
2015-10-20T09:12:22Z
2014
Article
Sibindi, A.B. & Bihma, A.. (2014).Banking sector development and economic growth: evidence from Zimbabwe. Banks and Banks Systems.9(2).51-58
1816-7403
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/19588
en
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/237702019-04-18T10:58:04Zcom_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25com_10500_18562col_10500_21690col_10500_18564
The cost of compliance: the case of South African banks
Marx, Johan
Mynhardt, Ronald H.
Banking Supervision
Banks Act of 1990, as amended
Basel II
Compliance risk
Cost of compliance of compliance
Regulatory Compliance
Regulatory risk
Risk Management
Compliance cost is expenditure of time or money in conforming to government requirements such as regulation or legislation. In the press it is stated that the cost of compliance is much too high in South Africa. Some South African regulatory authorities agreed with this opinion. To this end, research was conducted in South Africa to establish whether these opinions are accurate. The study found that the cost of compliance with regulations was unacceptably high for South African banks. The study concluded that banks needed assistance to reduce the cost of compliance. Following the recommendations of the study, calculations indicated that the implementation of these recommendations could reduce the cost of compliance by as much as 40 per cent.
2018-04-12T13:15:25Z
2018-04-12T13:15:25Z
2018-04-12T13:15:25Z
2011
Article
Marx, J & Mynhardt, R.H. 2011. The cost of compliance: the case of South African banks. Corporate Ownership and Control, 8(3): 435-451
1810-3057
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/23770
en
Virtus InterPress
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/288892022-05-24T11:05:16Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
“Household debt and consumption spending in South Africa: an ARDL-bounds testing approach
Mutezo, Ashley Teedzwi
Credit consumption
Household debt
Disposable income
ARDL-bounds testing approach
South Africa
While countries in the developed world have experienced a drop in household consumption post the global financial
crisis, South Africa’s household debt has been growing rapidly as credit uptake continues to be on the increase. At the
same time, increasing borrowing to finance consumption is seen as a stimulating factor for the economy. However,
there is concern that high levels of debt may curtail spending in the future and hence in the long-run slow down economic
growth. Using the ARDL-bounds testing procedure, the study examines the relationship between household debt
and consumption spending in South Africa for the period of 1986-2013 in order to capture the short-run and long-run
dynamics. The empirical results show that there is a significant deterministic relationship between household debt and
disposable income, net wealth and inflation. No significant short-run relationship exists between debt and the interest
rate variable. There is further evidence of the existence of a long-run relationship between household debt and disposable
income, interest rate and inflation. The implication of the study is that the low interest rates during the period
(2004-2011) and a general increase in household income have supported household consumption expenditure in South
Africa thereby sustaining high household indebtedness.
2022-05-24T09:45:58Z
2022-05-24T09:45:58Z
2022-05-24T09:45:58Z
2014
Article
Mutezo, Ashley. 2014. Household debt and consumption spending in South Africa: an ARDL-bounds testing approach. Banks and Bank Systems, 9(4): 73-81
1991-7074
https://hdl.handle.net/10500/28889
en
Business Perspectives
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/296502023-01-24T09:05:22Zcom_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_21690
Influence of access to finance on the competitive growth of SMEs in Lesotho
Amadasun, Donald O. E.
Mutezo, Ashley T.
Abstract
Background
Access to finance has been identified as one of the biggest problems faced by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in most developing economies. Similarly, access to finance has been identified as a dominant constraint facing the SME sector in Lesotho. This paper established the factors related to access to finance that influence the competitive growth of the SME sector in Lesotho. The factors that were identified include financial information access, bank and business support services, the structure of banks, and the collateral requirements of the financial sector.
Findings
The results from our analysis indicated that a relationship exists between the independent variables of financial information access, bank and business support services, the structure of banks, and the collateral requirement by commercial banks. As such these independent variables are associated with SMEs’ capacity to attain competitive growth in Lesotho. Explicitly, the results indicated that Basotho entrepreneurs and managers see the predictors (collateral requirement, financial information access, and bank and business support services) as critical factors of access to finance that constrain most enterprises from accessing the necessary credit from banks, which ultimately influence the SMEs’ capacity to attain competitive growth in Lesotho.
Conclusions
The study concludes that access to finance significantly affects the competitive growth of SMEs in Lesotho. Thus, this study suggests that several specific and harmonized financial policy actions are needed in the Lesotho financial market to establish an enabling policy that will ease enterprises’ access to adequate funding programs. These funding programs should target improved financial schemes that are coordinated, competitive, and directed towards Basotho SMEs’ access to finance, and enables a harmonized credit policy that guarantees a win–win for SME loan applicants and the financial market operators.
2022-12-01T04:42:03Z
2022-12-01T04:42:03Z
2022-12-01T04:42:03Z
2022-11-07
Journal Article
Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship. 2022 Nov 07;11(1):56
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-022-00244-1
https://hdl.handle.net/10500/29650
en
The Author(s)
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/128642019-04-18T11:03:20Zcom_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_21690
Private hospitals in South Africa: a compliance framework
Mynhardt R.H.
Marx, Johan
2013-11-27T12:18:45Z
2013-11-27T12:18:45Z
2013-11-27T12:18:45Z
2012
Mynhardt RH;Marx J. (2012) Private hospitals in South Africa: a compliance framework. Corporate Ownership and Control 9(4)
1727-9232
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/12864
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/288182022-05-24T10:54:39Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Credit Rationing and Risk Management for SMES: The Way Forward for South Africa
Mutezo, Ashley Teedzwi
Credit rationing
Risk management
SMEs
South Africa
Small and medium enterprises are increasingly seen as playing an important role in the economies of
many countries. Studies identify adequate and accessible financing as a critical component of SME
development. Many SMES are unable to access loans from the commercial banks due to lack of
financial knowledge, collateral and credit history. The drive to minimise risks informs the decision of
banks to minimise loan approval for SMEs. The question that now arises is how to strike a balance
between financial intermediation towards achieving economic development, while reducing
operational and credit risks that confront financial intermediation at large, especially banks. The aim
of this paper is to investigate the factors affecting the SME lending-decision process of commercial
banks and uncover the possible way forward for South Africa.
2022-05-11T07:04:37Z
2022-05-11T07:04:37Z
2022-05-11T07:04:37Z
2013
Article
Mutezo, A. 2013. Credit rationing and risk management for SMEs: The way forward for South Africa. Corporate Ownership and Control, 10 (2): 153-163.
1810-3057
https://hdl.handle.net/10500/28818
en
Virtus Interpress
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/201282016-10-12T14:53:54Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Is good corporate governance practice the panacea for small-to-medium businesses operating in the south african retail sector?
Sibindi, A.B.
Aren, Augustine Oghenetejiri
Corporate Governance,
Cash Flow,
Small Business,
Economy
Financial Management,
South Africa
The small, micro and medium business enterprises (SMMEs) sector is universally acclaimed for fostering economic growth in many economies. The health of this sector is largely premised on the observance of good corporate governance tenets. The purpose of this paper is to determine whether good corporate governance practice has been firmly embedded in the small-to-medium enterprise (SMMEs) sector in South Africa. In this study we interrogate the influence of good internal control systems, with a special focus on cash flow management practices on the survival or growth of the SMMEs. This paper utilised qualitative research methods and employed the survey technique amongst the SMMES operating in the retail sector of Pretoria in South Africa. We find evidence that good corporate governance practices enhance cash flow management processes. This is extremely important to the survival of a business, particularly small businesses, and poor corporate governance practices lead to weak cash flow management systems, which can thus lead to small business failure. We also proffer policy advice as to the remedial actions needed to safeguard this sector.
2016-04-19T09:29:01Z
2016-04-19T09:29:01Z
2016-04-19T09:29:01Z
2015
Article
Sibindi, A. B., & Aren, A. O. (2015). Is good corporate governance practice the panacea for small-to-medium businesses operating in the South African retail sector?. corporate ownership & control, 12(2), pp. 579-589.
1727-9232
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20128
en
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/288322022-05-24T11:01:14Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
The Credit Consumption Pattern in South Africa: A Trend Analysis
Mutezo, Ashley Teedzwi
Credit consumption
Household debt
Disposable income
Economic growth
South Africa
While the developed countries witnessed a significant contraction in credit consumption in response to
the financial crisis in 2008, South Africa’s household debt continues to be on the increase. This article
is based on empirical research on the relationship between household debt and disposable income, net
wealth, interest rates and inflation for the period between 1975 and 2013. Using regression analyses,
the study examines the linkage between household debt and consumption spending in South Africa to
capture the short-run and long-run dynamics. The results show that there is a significant relationship
between household debt and disposable income, net wealth and inflation. Further tests indicate that
there is a bidirectional causality running from economic growth to household debt and vice versa.
However, it is revealed that there is no direct relationship between household debt and lending rates.
2022-05-11T07:13:34Z
2022-05-11T07:13:34Z
2022-05-11T07:13:34Z
2015
Article
Mutezo, Ashley. 2015. The credit consumption pattern in South Africa: A trend analysis. Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets of Institutions, 5 (3): 194-204
2077-4303
https://hdl.handle.net/10500/28832
en
Virtus Interpress
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/201332016-12-21T10:02:43Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Purchasing power parity and the real rand-dollar exchange rate
Akinboade O.A.
Makina, Daniel
Purchasing power
bilateral real exchange
South Africa
This paper tests for evidence in support of the purchasing power parity (PPP) in the bilateral real exchange rate series of the South African rand against the US dollar. The importance of considering structural breaks in the PPP test is illustrated. Using standard unit root tests without considering structural breaks, the study is unable to reject the null hypothesis of a unit root in the exchange rate series. However, our additive outlier model clearly demonstrates the importance of multiple sudden structural breaks and supports the
stationarity of rand’s real exchange rate against the dollar. As expected the innovative outlier model, which seeks to suggest gradual shifts, only identifies a limited number of breaks and does not support purchasing power parity.
2016-04-19T10:21:57Z
2016-04-19T10:21:57Z
2016-04-19T10:21:57Z
2006-11
Article
Akinboade, A.O. & Makina, D. (2006). Purchasing power parity and the real rand-dollar exchange rate. Studies in Economics and Econometrics. 30(3). 43-59
0379-6205
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20133
en
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/288882022-05-24T11:08:46Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Socially responsible investment and financial performance: evidence from the Johannesburg securities exchange
Mutezo, Ashley Teedzwi
Socially responsible investing
Corporate social responsibility
Johannesburg securities exchange
Financial performance
SRI Index
Socially responsible investment (SRI) is fast becoming one of the major considerations for investors across the world.
Both corporate and individual investors use the SRI index of organizations to make investment decisions. Although
this model of investing is popular in the Western world, evidence suggests that the process has been gaining prominence
in the developing world. The Johannesburg Securities Exchange (JSE) launched its Socially Responsible Investment Index
(SRI Index) in 2004 as a means of identifying an index of listed companies that integrate the principles of triple bottom
line reporting in their business activities. Using panel data regression, this article analyzes the financial performance
of companies listed on the JSE SRI Index between 2004 and 2010 in relation to their social responsibility measures. The
results demonstrate that companies listed as constituents of the JSE SRI Index have better financial performance than
those that are non-constituents. A high awareness of social responsibility as indicated by the JSE SRI Index makes for a
more profitable portfolio and enhances the prospects of listed companies that are rated as having attained a certain level of
social responsibility as indicated by the JSE SRI Index to yield better returns to their investors.
2022-05-24T09:45:26Z
2022-05-24T09:45:26Z
2022-05-24T09:45:26Z
2014
Article
Mutezo, Ashley. 2014. Socially responsible investment and financial performance: evidence from the Johannesburg securities exchange. Banks and Bank Systems, 9(3): 120-128
1991-7074
https://hdl.handle.net/10500/28888
en
Business Perspectives
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/299372023-04-06T11:32:20Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Teaching and cognitive presences: The mediating effect of social presence in a developing world context
Maré, Sune
Mutezo, Ashley Teedzwi
community of inquiry
teaching cognitive and social presence
learner interaction
open distance e-learning
Online learning has become a significant trend in education due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Online educators, course designers and institutions need to understand the importance of social presence in the dynamics of a community of inquiry and its association with teaching and cognitive presence. This study examined whether social presence mediated the relationship between teaching and cognitive presence. The participants were a random sample of 572 postgraduate honours students (mean age of 35.4 years; SD = 8.39 years). Participants were registered in the College of Economic and Management Sciences and the College of Science, Engineering and Technology at the University of South Africa, an Open Distance e-Learning (ODeL) institution. The students completed a standardised measure of the Community of Inquiry (CoI) instrument. The results indicated that social presence mediated the relationship between teaching and cognitive presence. The findings highlight the importance of social presence as a fundamental aspect of collaborative online learning as institutions turn to fully online teaching platforms. By implication, academic institutions and teachers must provide a more collaborative and interactive online learning environment and promote productive online communities.
2023-04-06T11:32:19Z
2023-04-06T11:32:19Z
2023-04-06T11:32:19Z
2023-02-01
Article
Ashley Teedzwi Mutezo & Suné Maré (2023) Teaching and cognitive presences: The mediating effect of social presence in a developing world context, Cogent Education, 10:1, DOI: 10.1080/2331186X.2023.2171176
Online ISSN: 2331-186X
DOI: 10.1080/2331186X.2023.2171176
https://hdl.handle.net/10500/29937
en
Taylor & Francis
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/265592020-07-20T13:22:49Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Value-adding Activities of Operational Risk Management Methodologies: A South African Perspective
Young, Jacobus
operational risk; operational risk management; value-adding
south africa
Operational risk management forms a crucial part of management and since the early 1990s this practice has escalated rapidly due to various reasons, such as an increase in the regulatory requirements and risk-related incidents. For example, the requirements of the Public Finance Management Act 1 of 1999 and the Municipal Finance Management Act 56 of 2003, which require institutions to implement and maintain effective,
efficient and transparent systems of risk management and control.
Incidents, such as the fall of the VBS Mutual Bank, also indicated problems
with adequate operational risk management. The development and
implementation of operational risk management methodologies could
add value to the management of operational risk exposures and adhere
to specific regulatory requirements. However, it seems that operational
risk methodologies are currently only used for compliance and not used
appropriately. This article investigates the value-adding activities of risk
methodologies which can contribute to ensure an effective operational
risk management. These activities are empirically confirmed by means of
a survey which also identified a gap between the envisaged value and its
current implementation by organisations. It is foreseen that this research
could support the enhancement of the operational risk management methodologies to improve the operational risk management of private and public organisations.
2020-07-20T13:22:48Z
2020-07-20T13:22:48Z
2020-07-20T13:22:48Z
2019
Article
Young, J. 2019. Value-adding Activities of Operational Risk Management Methodologies: A South African Perspective. Administratio Publica, 27 (4): 110-133.
1015-4833
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26559
en
Association of Southern African Schools and Departments of Public Administration and Management (ASSADPAM)
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/196202018-04-03T13:58:17Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Assessing the financial viability of metropolitan municipalities in Gauteng
Ngwenya, Sam
Majam, T
financial viability
metropolitan municipalities
Metropolitan municipalities in Gauteng have been plagued by poor service delivery in recent years. This has been the root of violent protests in most of the communities in this province. This article intends to explore the reasons for this by specifically focussing on assessing the financial viability of the three metropolitan municipalities in Gauteng, namely Ekurhuleni, City of Johannesburg and City of Tshwane, by means of ratio analysis. It is vital to have an understanding of the financial viability of municipalities as it can identify and address the problems related to poor service delivery. The following six ratios were used to determine the financial viability of the metropolitan municipalities in Gauteng: cash quick ratio, debt to asset ratio, ability to provide basic services ratio, percentage change in total assets, proportion of income from Government grant/subsidy, and consumer debt to total revenue ratio. The results of the group revealed improvements in certain areas and areas that need improvement. The group results were used as a benchmark for the three individual municipalities to assess whether they are performing above or below the group average. The results of individual metropolitan municipalities also revealed valuable information that these municipalities can use to formulate their intervention strategies.
2015-10-22T11:54:29Z
2015-10-22T11:54:29Z
2015-10-22T11:54:29Z
2011
Article
Ngwwenya, M.S.; & Majam, T. (2011). Assessing the financial viability of metropolitan municipalities in Gauteng, Administratio Publica, Vol 19(1). 169-187
1015-4833
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/19620
en
oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/200512016-10-12T14:58:56Zcom_10500_3752com_10500_21643com_10500_26com_10500_25col_10500_3753col_10500_21690
Critical success factors for the implementation of an operational risk management system
Gibson, M.D.
Young, Jacobus
Crirical success factors, Operational risk, Risk management systems, Strategy, Governance, Information technology
Operational risk has become an increasingly important topic within financial institutions resulting in an increased spend on operational risk management solutions. While this is a positive approach, evidence has shown that information technology implementations have tended to have low rates of success. Research has highlighted that a series of defined critical success factors could reduce the risk of implementation failure. Twenty-nine critical success factors were identified by means of a literature review and confirmed by a questionnaire that was distributed to an identified target group within the South African financial services community. Reponses to the questionnaire revealed that 27 of the 29
critical success factors were deemed important and critical to the implementation of an operational risk management system
2016-03-22T12:49:04Z
2016-03-22T12:49:04Z
2016-03-22T12:49:04Z
2012
Article
Gibson, M.D. and Young, J. 2012. Critical success factors for the implementation of an operational risk management system, Corporate Ownership and Control , vol 10, issue 1, pp. 137-147
1727-9232
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20051
en
Virtus Interrpress