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Intimidation as a factor in the liberation struggle in South Africa with special reference to Bela Bela (Warmbaths) : an anthropological perspective

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dc.contributor.advisor De Beer, F. C.
dc.contributor.advisor Vorster, L. P. (Louis Petrus)
dc.contributor.author Van Niekerk, Letitia en
dc.date.accessioned 2015-01-23T04:24:26Z
dc.date.available 2015-01-23T04:24:26Z
dc.date.issued 1999-07 en
dc.identifier.citation Van Niekerk, Letitia (1999) Intimidation as a factor in the liberation struggle in South Africa with special reference to Bela Bela (Warmbaths) : an anthropological perspective, University of South Africa, Pretoria, <http://hdl.handle.net/10500/17744> en
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10500/17744
dc.description.abstract INTIMIDATION AS A FACTOR IN THE LIBERATION STRUGGLE OF SOUTH AFRICA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO BELA BELA (WARMBATHS): AN ANTHROPOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE The cultural revitalisation or adjustment model of Anthony Wallace provides a basis for interpreting religious, political and other revitalisation movements. This study focuses on political revitalisation movements. Participation in the activities of revitalisation movements does not always occur voluntarily. Leaders of such movements apply techniques and methods of intimidation enforcing change and participation. In South Africa, political revitalisation was inter alia brought about by the ANC as political liberation movement who used methods of violent and non-violent intimidation to force people, regardless of their ethnic affiliation, to support the movement and enforce political change. The ANC inter alia used charactersitic cultural phenomena and components of Bantu-speakers as resources for intimidation to ensure unanimity, participation and ultimately to achieve political liberation. Cultural components that were exploited included communality, group solidarity, administration of justice, songs and dances.
dc.description.abstract INTIMIDASIE AS 'N FAKTOR IN DIE VRYHEIDSTRYD IN SUID-AFRIKA MET SPESIALE VERWYSING NA BELA BELA (WARMBAD): 'N ANTROPOLOGIESE PERSPEK.TIEF Kulturele vernuwmg ts 'n universele verskynsel. Anthony Wallace se model van kulturele vernuwing of -aanpassing bied 'n raamwerk vir die verduideliking en interpretasie van die fases waardeur kulturele vernuwingsbewegings van 'n godsdienstige, politieke of ander aard ontwikkel. In hierdie studie word daar uitsluitlik gefokus op vernuwingsbewegings van 'n politieke aard. Aangesien deelname aan die aktiwiteite van kulturele vernuwings- en aanpassingsbewegings nie noodwendig vrywillig geskied nie, het leiers van hierdie bewegings gebruik gemaak van tegnieke en metodes van intimidasie om deelname en vernuwing op die massas af te dwing. In SuidAfrika is politieke vernuwing onder andere teweeggebring deur die ANC as politieke bevrydingsbeweging. Die ANC het gebruik gemaak van gewelddadige (harde of direkte) sowel as nie-geweldadige (sagte of indirekte) intimidasie om mense, ongeag hulle etniese aanhorigheid, te dwing om die beweging se oogmerke aktief te ondersteun om politieke verandering te weeg te bring. As dee! van die strategie om deur intimidasie mense tot deelname aan massa-aksies soos optogte, betogings en massa-vergaderings te dwing, het die ANC gebruik gemaak van bepaalde kultuur verskynsels en -komponente wat eie is aan die lewensbeskouinge en lewenswyse van Bantoe-sprekendes. Kultuurkomponente wat suksesvol benut is deur die leiers en lede van bevrydingsbewegings omvat, onder andere verskynsels soos kommunaliteit, groep solidariteit, die regspraak, liedere en danse. Hierdie kultuurkomponente en verskynsels is verander en aangepas om ten eerste eenheid en deelname te bewerkstellig en te verseker en uiteindelik om die hoofdoelwit van politieke bevryding te bereik.
dc.format.extent 1 online resource (xiii, 233 leaves)
dc.language.iso en
dc.subject Acculturation en
dc.subject Bela Bela en
dc.subject Cultural adjustment en
dc.subject Freedom Charter en
dc.subject History en
dc.subject Intimidation en
dc.subject Kenya en
dc.subject Liberation or freedom songs en
dc.subject Liberation struggle en
dc.subject Mau Mau en
dc.subject Necklacing en
dc.subject Ostracism en
dc.subject People's courts en
dc.subject People's justice en
dc.subject Punishment en
dc.subject Revitalisation movement en
dc.subject South Africa en
dc.subject Toyi-toyi dances en
dc.subject Traditional songs en
dc.subject Traditional dances en
dc.subject Traditional courts en
dc.subject Warmbaths en
dc.subject.ddc 322.420968 en
dc.subject.lcsh Intimidation -- South Africa -- Bela-Bela en
dc.subject.lcsh Government en
dc.subject.lcsh Political violence -- Social aspects -- South Africa -- Bela-Bela en
dc.subject.lcsh Government, Resistance to -- South Africa en
dc.subject.lcsh Intimidation -- South Africa -- Bela-Bela en
dc.subject.lcsh Politics and culture -- South Africa en
dc.subject.lcsh Blacks -- South Africa -- Politics and government en
dc.subject.lcsh Black nationalism -- South Africa. en
dc.subject.lcsh Blacks -- South Africa -- Songs and music en
dc.subject.lcsh South Africa -- Politics and government en
dc.subject.lcsh African National Congress en
dc.subject.lcsh Ethnology -- South Africa en
dc.subject.lcsh National liberation movements -- Kenya en
dc.subject.lcsh National liberation movements -- South Africa en
dc.title Intimidation as a factor in the liberation struggle in South Africa with special reference to Bela Bela (Warmbaths) : an anthropological perspective en
dc.type Dissertation
dc.description.department Anthropology and Archaeology
dc.description.degree M.A. (Anthropology)


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