The Established Strategy for drawing up a Z specification document focuses on a more abstract activity of specification, namely, how to combine schemas but is largely silent about how to construct a schema. Schema ...

A formal specification of a multi-level marketing (MLM) business is presented. Specifying a MLM business boils down to specifying properties of and operations on mathematical forests and trees. The usefulness of the ...

Specification plays a vital role in software engineering to facilitate the development of highly dependable software. The importance of specification in software development is to serve, amongst others, as a communication ...

In this paper we show how details of a software design emerges in two steps: software architecture and program organisation and from first having established careful descriptions of the application domain and of functional ...